Nokea
A patient is exploring treatment options after being diagnosed with age-related cataracts that affect her vision. What treatment is most likely to be used in this patients care?
- A. Antioxidant supplements, vitamin C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium
- B. Eyeglasses or magnifying lenses
- C. Corticosteroid eye drops
- D. Surgical intervention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Surgical intervention is the definitive treatment for cataracts when vision is compromised. Antioxidants, eyeglasses, and corticosteroids do not cure or prevent age-related cataracts.
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The nurse is providing discharge education to an adult patient who will begin a regimen of ocular medications for the treatment of glaucoma. How can the nurse best determine if the patient is able to self-administer these medications safely and effectively?
- A. Assess the patient for any previous inability to self-manage medications.
- B. Ask the patient to demonstrate the instillation of her medications.
- C. Determine whether the patient can accurately describe the appropriate method of administering her medications.
- D. Assess the patients functional status.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Demonstrating eye drop instillation confirms the patient's ability to self-administer safely. Descriptions, past management, or functional status are less direct assessments.
A patient presents at the ED after receiving a chemical burn to the eye. What would be the nurses initial intervention for this patient?
- A. Generously flush the affected eye with a dilute antibiotic solution.
- B. Generously flush the affected eye with normal saline or water.
- C. Apply a patch to the affected eye.
- D. Apply direct pressure to the affected eye.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immediate irrigation with saline or water flushes chemicals from the eye, minimizing damage. Antibiotics, patching, or pressure are inappropriate initial actions.
The nurse should recognize the greatest risk for the development of blindness in which of the following patients?
- A. A 58-year-old Caucasian woman with macular degeneration
- B. A 28-year-old Caucasian man with astigmatism
- C. A 58-year-old African American woman with hyperopia
- D. A 28-year-old African American man with myopia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macular degeneration, prevalent in older adults, is a leading cause of blindness. Astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia are refractive errors with lower blindness risk.
A patient has just returned to the surgical floor after undergoing a retinal detachment repair. The postoperative orders specify that the patient should be kept in a prone position until otherwise ordered. What should the nurse do?
- A. Call the physician and ask for the order to be confirmed.
- B. Follow the order because this position will help keep the retinal repair intact.
- C. Instruct the patient to maintain this position to prevent bleeding.
- D. Reposition the patient after the first dressing change.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The prone position allows the gas bubble in pneumatic retinopexy to press against the retinal break, aiding reattachment. It does not prevent bleeding, and repositioning or confirmation is unnecessary.
A patient has been diagnosed with glaucoma and the nurse is preparing health education regarding the patients medication regimen. The patient states that she is eager to beat this disease and looks forward to the time that she will no longer require medication. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. You have a great attitude. This will likely shorten the amount of time that you need medications.
- B. In fact, glaucoma usually requires lifelong treatment with medications.
- C. Most people are treated until their intraocular pressure goes below 50 mm Hg.
- D. You can likely expect a minimum of 6 months of treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glaucoma typically requires lifelong medication to manage intraocular pressure. Normal pressure is 10-21 mm Hg, and treatment duration is not limited to 6 months.