Maternal Monitoring During Labor

Maternal Monitoring During Labor Related

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A patient is in active labor and is experiencing back labor. Which position would be most helpful to relieve the back pain?

  • A. Supine position
  • B. Hands and knees position
  • C. Lithotomy position
  • D. Squatting position
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hands and knees position. This position helps relieve back pain during labor by promoting optimal fetal positioning, reducing pressure on the back, and allowing gravity to assist in the descent of the baby. It also opens up the pelvic outlet, making it easier for the baby to navigate through the birth canal.

Incorrect choices:
A: Supine position can worsen back pain as it puts pressure on the lower back and restricts blood flow to the uterus.
C: Lithotomy position can exacerbate back pain as it involves lying on the back with legs in stirrups, which can increase pressure on the back.
D: Squatting position may not be ideal for relieving back pain in this scenario as it can put additional strain on the back muscles and may not provide optimal support for the laboring individual.

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The clinic nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly pregnant patient. Which is an indication for fetal diagnostic procedures if present in the health history?

  • A. Maternal diabetes
  • B. Weight gain of 25 lb
  • C. Maternal age older than 30 years
  • D. Previous infant weighing more than 3000 g at birth
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maternal diabetes is a risk factor in pregnancy due to possible impairment of placental perfusion, necessitating fetal diagnostic procedures.

Which is fetal tachycardia likely caused by?

  • A. Compression of the umbilical cord
  • B. Maternal infection
  • C. Compression of the fetal head
  • D. Maternal hypertension
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maternal infection. Maternal infection can lead to fetal tachycardia due to the transfer of inflammatory mediators from the mother to the fetus, causing an increase in the fetal heart rate. This physiological response is a common indicator of fetal distress in utero.

A: Compression of the umbilical cord can lead to fetal distress, but it typically manifests as bradycardia rather than tachycardia.
C: Compression of the fetal head can cause fetal distress, but it is more likely to result in decelerations in heart rate rather than tachycardia.
D: Maternal hypertension can lead to complications during pregnancy, but it is not typically associated with fetal tachycardia.

The nurse explains that prior to fertilization each cell is reduced from 46 chromosomes to 23 chromosomes. This is referred to as the __________ number.

  • A. haploid
  • B. DNA
  • C. Chromoses
  • D. Plastoderm
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Prior to fertilization, each cell undergoes meiosis, reducing its chromosome count from 46 to 23. This reduction ensures genetic diversity and proper development of the embryo. The term 'haploid' refers to cells containing only one set of chromosomes.

A nurse is caring for a postpartum person who is at risk for postpartum hemorrhage. What is the most important nursing action to reduce the risk?

  • A. administer oxytocin
  • B. administer IV fluids
  • C. administer an epidural
  • D. perform fundal massage
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: administer IV fluids. IV fluids help maintain adequate circulating volume, preventing hypovolemia which is a major risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. This action supports blood pressure and perfusion to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding. Administering oxytocin (A) helps with uterine contraction but does not address the underlying issue of hypovolemia. Administering an epidural (C) is not directly related to preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Fundal massage (D) is important but not the most critical action in reducing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

The school nurse is counseling a group of adolescent girls. What does the nurse explain about sperm ejaculated near the cervix?

  • A. They are destroyed by the acidic pH of the vagina.
  • B. They survive up to 5 days and can cause pregnancy.
  • C. They lose their motility in about 12 hours after intercourse.
  • D. They are usually pushed out of the vagina by the muscular action of the vaginal wall.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sperm ejaculated near the cervix can survive up to 5 days and cause pregnancy even before ovulation.

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