Nokea
A patient is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Constipation
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Clostridium difficile infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for conditions involving excessive stomach acid production, such as peptic ulcer disease. One of the potential adverse effects of PPIs, such as omeprazole or pantoprazole, is the risk of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the bloodstream. Prolonged use of PPIs can inhibit the absorption of potassium in the intestines, leading to a decrease in potassium levels in the body. Hypokalemia can present with symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, and in severe cases, it can result in life-threatening complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of hypokalemia while on PPI therapy, especially if the patient is at risk for developing electrolyte imbalances.
You may also like to solve these questions
When an accurate documentation whether done manually or by electronic by the health care professionals in their Work setting is a component of what quality standards in a health care delivery system?
- A. Patient care standards
- B. Leadership and management
- C. Information management
- D. Human resource management
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accurate documentation, whether done manually or electronically by health care professionals, is a critical component of information management in a health care delivery system. Information management involves the collection, storage, processing, and sharing of data to support decision-making and ensure quality care for patients. Properly documented records enable health care providers to have access to relevant information about a patient's medical history, treatment plans, and progress. This helps in delivering effective and coordinated care, reducing medical errors, and improving overall patient outcomes. Moreover, well-kept records are essential for legal and regulatory compliance, billing, quality assessment, and research purposes. Therefore, accurate documentation plays a key role in information management within the healthcare setting.
In utilizing family coping index nurses should be knowledgeable that the focus of this tool is identifying the family's ________.
- A. strategies to deal with stressful situations
- B. Manner of interaction
- C. Ways of managing health needs and challenges
- D. Patterns of health habits
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Family Coping Index is a tool designed to assess the strategies that a family uses to deal with stressful situations. It focuses on how families manage and cope with stress and challenges, rather than solely on their interactions, health management, or health habits. By identifying the family's coping strategies, healthcare professionals can better understand the family dynamics and provide targeted support and interventions to help them navigate difficult circumstances.
When the nurse interacts with patients face-to-face such as in getting information during the assessment phase of the nursing process, the level of communication is which of the following?
- A. Intrapersonal
- B. Public communication
- C. Interpersonal
- D. Verbal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the nurse interacts with patients face-to-face to gather information during the assessment phase of the nursing process, the level of communication is considered interpersonal. Interpersonal communication involves two or more individuals who are connected in a meaningful way. In this scenario, the nurse and the patient are engaging in a personal exchange of information, thoughts, and feelings. This type of communication is essential in building rapport, understanding the patient's needs, and providing effective care. It focuses on creating a supportive and therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the patient, which is crucial for delivering high-quality nursing care.
A patient admitted to the ICU develops delirium characterized by acute onset confusion and agitation. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's delirium?
- A. Administer antipsychotic medications to reduce agitation.
- B. Implement environmental modifications to promote orientation.
- C. Refer the patient to a psychiatrist for further evaluation.
- D. Prescribe benzodiazepines for sedation and calming effect.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The healthcare team should prioritize implementing environmental modifications to promote orientation in a patient with delirium. Delirium is a state of acute confusion and agitation that can be triggered by various factors such as medications, infections, or metabolic disturbances. Environmental modifications involve creating a calm, quiet, and well-lit environment for the patient. Promoting proper orientation through the use of clocks, calendars, and familiar objects can help reduce confusion and improve the patient's understanding of their surroundings. These interventions are non-pharmacological and aim to address the underlying causes of delirium while minimizing the need for additional medications that may have potential side effects. Antipsychotic medications and benzodiazepines should be used judiciously and under close supervision due to the risk of adverse effects in older adults and critically ill patients. Referring the patient to a psychiatrist may be considered if the delirium is complex or if there are underlying psychiatric issues contributing to the presentation.
A client is being prepared for a thoracentesis. The nurse should assist the client to which position for the procedure?
- A. Lying in bed on the affected side
- B. Lying in bed on the unaffected side
- C. Sims position with the head of the bed flat
- D. Prone with the head turned to the side and supported by a pillow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client should be assisted to lie in bed on the unaffected side for a thoracentesis procedure. This position allows for better access to the pleural space for the insertion of a needle to aspirate the fluid or air. Gravity helps to separate the fluid or air, making it closer to the chest wall for easier removal. Additionally, this position reduces the risk of injury to the lung or other structures, as the needle is directed away from these vital structures. Lying on the unaffected side also helps in preventing potential complications and ensures the safety and effectiveness of the procedure.