Nokea
A patient is scheduled for a bone scan to rule out osteosarcoma of the pelvic bones. What would be most important for the nurse to assess before the patient's scan?
- A. That the patient completed the bowel cleansing regimen
- B. That the patient emptied the bladder
- C. That the patient is not allergic to penicillins
- D. That the patient has fasted for at least 8 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before the scan, the nurse asks the patient to empty the bladder, because a full bladder interferes with accurate scanning of the pelvic bones. Bowel cleansing and fasting are not indicated for a bone scan and an allergy to penicillins is not a contraindication.
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When assessing a patient's peripheral nerve function, the nurse uses an instrument to prick the fat pad at the top of the patient's small finger. This action will assess which of the following nerves?
- A. Radial
- B. Ulnar
- C. Median
- D. Tibial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ulnar nerve is assessed for sensation by pricking the fat pad at the top of the small finger. The radial, median, and tibial nerves are not assessed in this manner.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has an MRI scheduled. What is the priority safety action prior to this diagnostic procedure?
- A. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of active infection
- B. Ensuring that the patient can remain immobile for up to 3 hours
- C. Assessing the patient for a history of nut allergies
- D. Ensuring that there are no metal objects on or in the patient
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absolutely no metal objects can be present during MRI their presence constitutes a serious safety risk. The procedure takes up to 90 minutes. Nut allergies and infection are not contraindications to MRI.
An older adult patient has come to the clinic for a regular check-up. The nurse's initial inspection reveals an increased thoracic curvature of the patient's spine. The nurse should document the presence of which of the following?
- A. Scoliosis
- B. Epiphyses
- C. Lordosis
- D. Kyphosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kyphosis is the increase in thoracic curvature of the spine. Scoliosis is a deviation in the lateral curvature of the spine. Epiphyses are the ends of the long bones. Lordosis is the exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just had an arthroscopy as an outpatient and is getting ready to go home. The nurse should teach the patient to monitor closely for what postprocedure complication?
- A. Fever
- B. Crepitus
- C. Fasciculations
- D. Synovial fluid leakage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Following arthroscopy, the patient and family are informed of complications to watch for, including fever. Synovial fluid leakage is unlikely and crepitus would not develop as a postprocedure complication. Fasciculations are muscle twitches and do not involve joint integrity or function.
A patient injured in a motor vehicle accident has sustained a fracture to the diaphysis of the right femur. Of what is the diaphysis of the femur mainly constructed?
- A. Epiphyses
- B. Cartilage
- C. Cortical bone
- D. Cancellous bone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The long bone shaft, which is referred to as the diaphysis, is constructed primarily of cortical bone.