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A patient is taking oral contraceptives and asks whether they will still be effective if she has diarrhea. What should the nurse respond?
- A. Oral contraceptives will still work if taken with food.
- B. Oral contraceptives may be less effective during diarrhea due to absorption issues.
- C. Oral contraceptives need to be stopped for 7 days when experiencing diarrhea.
- D. Oral contraceptives will be more effective during diarrhea due to faster metabolism.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diarrhea can reduce the absorption of oral contraceptives, potentially making them less effective. Choice A is incorrect because food does not always affect oral contraceptive absorption. Choice C is incorrect because there is no need to stop the contraceptives, but additional methods may be recommended during diarrhea. Choice D is incorrect because diarrhea does not increase the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
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A nurse on a labor and delivery unit is providing teaching to a client who plans to use hypnosis to control labor pain. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Focusing on controlling body functions
- B. "Synchronized breathing will be required during hypnosis"
- C. "Hypnosis can be beneficial in you practiced it during the prenatal period"
- D. "Hypnosis does not work for controlling pain associated with labor".
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct information that the nurse should include is that "Hypnosis can be beneficial if you practiced it during the prenatal period." This statement is true because hypnosis is a tool that can help individuals manage pain and stress through focused attention and suggestion. By practicing hypnosis techniques during the prenatal period, the individual can become more familiar and comfortable with the practice, making it more effective during labor. It is important to establish a routine and practice hypnosis consistently to maximize its benefits during labor.
Multiparous patient admitted to labor unit with regular contractions 2 minutes apart and last 60 seconds. She reports labor began 6 hours ago and she had bloody show earlier this morning.The patient asks what stage of labor she is in
- A. Transition phase
- B. Active phase
- C. Latent phase
- D. Second stage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Based on the information provided, the patient is experiencing regular contractions 2 minutes apart lasting 60 seconds, and she had a bloody show earlier in the morning. These signs in a multiparous patient with 6 hours of labor indicate she is most likely in the transition phase of labor. The transition phase is characterized by intense contractions that are closer together, typically 2-3 minutes apart, and lasting longer, usually around 60-90 seconds. This stage signifies the progression towards the final stages of labor, leading up to the pushing stage and delivery. Therefore, the correct answer is B, Transition phase.
The nurse is caring for a client in labor who reports intense pressure and the urge to push. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Perform a sterile vaginal examination.
- B. Instruct the client to breathe through the urge to push.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider.
- D. Increase the oxytocin infusion rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A vaginal examination is needed to confirm full cervical dilation and readiness for delivery.
The nurse is explaining how a newly delivered baby initiates respiration. Which statement explains this process?
- A. Chemical thermal and mechanical factors
- B. Increase of po2 and decreased pco2
- C. Continued function of foramen ovale
- D. Drying off the infant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement explaining how a newly delivered baby initiates respiration is "Chemical thermal and mechanical factors." When a baby is born, various factors come into play to stimulate the baby's first breath. Chemically, the baby senses a decrease in oxygen and an increase in carbon dioxide levels, triggering the respiratory centers in the brain to start the breathing process. Thermally, exposure to the cooler air outside the womb stimulates the baby's skin receptors, encouraging the baby to take a breath. Mechanically, the pressure changes during delivery and the physical stimulation of the baby's face and body also play a role in initiating respiration. Overall, it is the combined effect of these chemical, thermal, and mechanical factors that help a newly delivered baby begin breathing independently.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about exercise safety during pregnancy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply).
- A. "will limit my time in the hot tub to 30 minutes after exercise."
- B. "should consume three 8-ounce glasses of water after I exercise."
- C. "will check my heart rate every 15 minutes during exercise sessions."
- D. "should limit exercise sessions to 30 minutes when the weather is humid."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This response indicates an understanding of the importance of monitoring heart rate during exercise to ensure it stays within a safe range for the pregnant woman and the baby.