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A patient living in community housing for the elderly says, 'I dont go to the senior citizens club. They play cards and talk about the past because thats all they can do.' The nurse analyzes these remarks to represent:
- A. failure to achieve developmental tasks
- B. thinking associated with ageism
- C. hypercritical behavior
- D. paranoid thinking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ageism is negative stereotyping and devaluation of people based on their age. Older adults might be as guilty of ageism as younger individuals. The other options are not substantiated by the information given in the scenario.
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Irrational and very specific fears that persist even when there is no real danger to a person are called
- A. anxieties
- B. dissociation's
- C. phobias
- D. obsessions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phobias are specific, irrational fears persisting despite no real threat, distinct from general anxiety.
In Massachusetts, which year contained the highest level of days exceeding the 8-hour average ground-level ozone standard?
- A. 1983
- B. 1984
- C. 2007
- D. 1999
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1983 likely had higher ozone exceedances due to less stringent regulations and higher industrial emissions at that time.
According to statistical research data, which of these children currently being followed by the pediatric nurse practitioner is at the greatest risk for fatal abuse?
- A. A child who is 2 years old and has cerebral palsy
- B. A child who is 5 years old and has measles
- C. A child who is 8 years old and has appendicitis
- D. A child who is 11 years old and has a fractured humerus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because young children with disabilities, like cerebral palsy, are at the highest risk for fatal abuse based on statistical research. These children may be more vulnerable due to their dependency on caregivers and communication challenges. Choice B is incorrect as measles, although serious, is not associated with fatal abuse. Choice C is incorrect as appendicitis is a medical condition and not a risk factor for abuse. Choice D is incorrect as a fractured humerus, while concerning, does not indicate a higher risk for fatal abuse compared to a child with cerebral palsy.
Care planning requires that a nurse recognize that the dynamic focus directing a patient with anorexia nervosa is:
- A. managing weight gain.
- B. controlling personal stressors.
- C. maintaining a sense of control.
- D. avoiding social interactions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Anorexia nervosa is characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image.
Step 2: Patients often use strict control over food intake as a way to cope with underlying emotional issues.
Step 3: Maintaining a sense of control is crucial in managing anorexia nervosa as it addresses the core psychological aspects driving the disorder.
Step 4: Managing weight gain (A) is not the primary focus as patients may resist gaining weight due to their fear.
Step 5: Controlling personal stressors (B) may be important but does not address the underlying issue of control related to food and body.
Step 6: Avoiding social interactions (D) does not address the core psychological need for control and can further isolate the patient.
A catatonic patient admitted in a stuporous condition begins to demonstrate increased motor activity. During his assessment, the psychiatrist raises the patient's arm above his head and releases it. The patient maintains the position his arm was placed in, immobile in that position for 15 minutes, moving only when the nurse gently lowers his arm. What symptom is demonstrated by this assessment technique?
- A. Echopraxia
- B. Waxy flexibility
- C. Depersonalization
- D. Thought withdrawal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Waxy flexibility. This symptom is demonstrated by the patient's ability to maintain the position his arm was placed in, immobile, for an extended period of time. This is characteristic of catatonia, where individuals exhibit increased motor activity and abnormal posturing. Waxy flexibility refers to the tendency of catatonic patients to maintain positions that they are placed in by others, almost as if their limbs are made of wax and can be molded into different positions.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Echopraxia involves mimicking the movements of others, which is not demonstrated in this scenario.
C: Depersonalization refers to feeling detached from oneself, which is not evident in the patient's behavior during the assessment.
D: Thought withdrawal is a symptom of schizophrenia where thoughts are believed to be removed from one's mind by an external force, which is not relevant to the patient's motor behavior in this case.