ATI Oncology Quiz

ATI Oncology Quiz Related

Review ATI Oncology Quiz related questions and content

A patient on the oncology unit is receiving carmustine, a chemotherapy agent, and the nurse is aware that a significant side effect of this medication is thrombocytopenia. Which symptom should the nurse assess for in patients at risk for thrombocytopenia?

  • A. Interrupted sleep pattern
  • B. Hot flashes
  • C. Epistaxis (nose bleed)
  • D. Increased weight
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which increases the risk of bleeding and hemorrhage. Patients receiving chemotherapy agents like carmustine may experience thrombocytopenia as a significant side effect. Epistaxis (nosebleeds) is a common symptom associated with thrombocytopenia, as the blood vessels can become more fragile, and even minor trauma or spontaneous bleeding can occur. Therefore, assessing for signs of bleeding, including epistaxis, is crucial in patients at risk for thrombocytopenia.

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Which of the following descriptions of chemotherapy is correct?

  • A. Chemotherapy is externally given through high energy waves
  • B. Chemotherapy is known to have fatigue as a common side effect
  • C. Chemotherapy spreads throughout the body
  • D. Chemotherapy attacks cancer cells only
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chemotherapy drugs are typically administered systemically, meaning they circulate throughout the body via the bloodstream. This allows them to target cancer cells that may have spread beyond the original tumor site, making chemotherapy an effective treatment for cancers that are metastatic (have spread to other parts of the body). However, because chemotherapy is not selective, it can also affect healthy cells that divide rapidly, leading to a range of side effects.

A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim to a client undergoing chemotherapy. What is the primary purpose of this medication?

  • A. Increase white blood cell production.
  • B. Reduce the risk of infection.
  • C. Enhance red blood cell production.
  • D. Control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A nurse is providing care to a patient who has just received a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

  • A. Risk for bleeding
  • B. Risk for infection
  • C. Impaired gas exchange
  • D. Imbalanced nutrition
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

The public health nurse is presenting a health-promotion class to a group at a local community center. Which intervention most directly addresses the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America?

  • A. Monthly self-breast exams
  • B. Smoking cessation
  • C. Annual colonoscopies
  • D. Monthly testicular exams
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In North America, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among both men and women, and the primary risk factor for lung cancer is smoking. Therefore, promoting smoking cessation is a critical public health intervention that directly addresses this significant health issue. By helping individuals quit smoking, healthcare providers can significantly reduce the incidence of lung cancer and associated deaths, making this intervention a priority in cancer prevention efforts.

The nurse is caring for a female client experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy and develops a plan of care for the client. The nurse plans to:

  • A. Restrict all visitors
  • B. Restrict fluid intake
  • C. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
  • D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to prevent skin breakdown
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In clients experiencing neutropenia due to chemotherapy, the immune system is significantly compromised, leaving the client highly susceptible to infections. Meticulous hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to prevent infections in neutropenic patients. Teaching the client and their family the importance of frequent and proper handwashing helps reduce the transmission of harmful pathogens that could lead to severe infections in the neutropenic client. This simple but essential intervention is crucial in maintaining a safe environment.

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