Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks

Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks Related

Review Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks related questions and content

A patient presents with recurrent episodes of sudden, severe vertigo lasting hours, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and nystagmus. Vestibular function tests demonstrate unilateral weakness. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

  • A. Vestibular neuritis
  • B. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
  • C. Ménière's disease
  • D. Acoustic neuroma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's presentation of recurrent episodes of sudden, severe vertigo lasting hours, along with nausea, vomiting, nystagmus, and unilateral weakness on vestibular function tests, is most consistent with vestibular neuritis. Vestibular neuritis is an inflammatory disorder of the vestibular nerve, typically viral in origin, leading to acute onset of vertigo. Patients often experience severe vertigo, imbalance, nausea, and vomiting, along with characteristic nystagmus. Unilateral weakness on vestibular function testing supports the diagnosis of vestibular neuritis, as it indicates dysfunction of one vestibular organ. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) typically presents with brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position without associated unilateral vestibular weakness. Ménière's disease is characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo associated with fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness, and

You may also like to solve these questions

A woman in active labor requests hydrotherapy for pain relief. What is the nurse's priority action before initiating hydrotherapy?

  • A. Obtain informed consent from the mother.
  • B. Ensure that the labor room is equipped with a hydrotherapy tub.
  • C. Assess the maternal and fetal conditions for eligibility.
  • D. Review the mother's medical history for contraindications.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Before initiating hydrotherapy for pain relief during labor, the nurse's priority action should be to assess the maternal and fetal conditions to determine if the mother is eligible for this form of pain management. It is essential to ensure that hydrotherapy is safe and appropriate for the specific situation. Assessing the maternal condition includes evaluating factors such as the stage of labor, maternal and fetal well-being, and any medical conditions that could impact the use of hydrotherapy. This assessment helps to identify any contraindications or risks that may affect the mother and baby during hydrotherapy. By conducting a thorough assessment, the nurse can make an informed decision about whether hydrotherapy is suitable for the woman in labor.

Which of the following actions is appropriate for managing a conscious patient with a foreign object lodged in the eye?

  • A. Attempting to remove the object with tweezers.
  • B. Rinsing the eye with sterile saline solution.
  • C. Applying pressure to the eyelid to dislodge the object.
  • D. Placing a bandage over the affected eye.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When managing a conscious patient with a foreign object lodged in the eye, the appropriate action is to rinse the eye with sterile saline solution. This helps to flush out the foreign object and reduce the risk of further injury or infection. Attempting to remove the object with tweezers or applying pressure to the eyelid can potentially cause more harm to the eye. Placing a bandage over the affected eye is not beneficial in this situation as it does not address the presence of the foreign object. Rinsing the eye with sterile saline solution is the safest and most effective initial step to take in managing a foreign object lodged in the eye.

A patient presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Laboratory tests reveal hyperglycemia and glycosuria. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

  • A. Hyperthyroidism
  • B. Hypothyroidism
  • C. Diabetes mellitus
  • D. Cushing's syndrome
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The symptoms of polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger) are classic signs of diabetes mellitus. In this case, the presence of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and glycosuria (glucose in the urine) further support the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Insulin deficiency or resistance in diabetes leads to impaired glucose utilization and excessive glucose in the bloodstream, causing the classic symptoms observed in the patient. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and Cushing's syndrome do not typically present with the hallmark symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

Which should be emhpasize by the nurse in her health teachings

  • A. Jogging a mile a day
  • B. Vigourous exercise
  • C. No need to diet
  • D. Weight reduction
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Weight reduction is the most important focus in the health teachings provided by the nurse. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for overall well-being and can significantly reduce the risk of various health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. By emphasizing weight reduction, the nurse can help improve the patient's overall health and quality of life. Jogging a mile a day and vigorous exercise are beneficial for weight management, but it is important to address the root cause of potential health problems which in this case may be excess weight. Moreover, emphasizing the importance of weight reduction does not necessarily mean encouraging extreme dieting; instead, it involves promoting a balanced and healthy approach to eating and physical activity.

Bioethical issue should be describe as _____.

  • A. the withholding of food and treatment at the request of the patient in a written advance directive given before a patient acquired permanent brain damage from an accident
  • B. the physician's making all decisions of client management without getting input from the patient
  • C. after the patient gives permission, the physician's disclosing all information to the family for this support in the management of the patient
  • D. a research project that included treating all regular employed personnel and not treating all casual employed to compare the outcome of specific drug therapy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The bioethical issue described in option A revolves around the concept of advance directives. Advance directives are legal documents that outline a person's wishes regarding medical treatment in the event that they are unable to communicate those wishes themselves. In this scenario, the issue pertains to the withholding of food and treatment based on a written advance directive that was made before the patient suffered permanent brain damage. This raises important ethical considerations about respecting a patient's autonomy and adhering to their previously expressed wishes, even in difficult circumstances. The decision to withhold treatment in such a situation is a complex bioethical issue that needs to be handled carefully while balancing the principles of autonomy and beneficence.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.