Nokea
A patient presents with scrotal pain, swelling, and erythema. On physical examination, there is a tender, fluctuant mass in the scrotum. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A. Testicular torsion
- B. Epididymitis
- C. Testicular cancer
- D. Hydrocele
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis in this scenario is epididymitis. Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. Common symptoms include scrotal pain, swelling, erythema (redness), and a tender, fluctuant mass in the scrotum due to an abscess. Risk factors for epididymitis include urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections (such as gonorrhea or chlamydia), and recent urological procedures. It is important to differentiate epididymitis from testicular torsion, which would present with sudden, severe testicular pain, absent cremasteric reflex, and a high-riding testicle. Testicular cancer typically presents as a painless mass or swelling in the scrotum, and hydrocele presents as painless scrotal swelling due to a collection of fluid
You may also like to solve these questions
The female client who is very anxious and fidgety is blowing off to much carbon dioxide develops tingling sensation of the lips and fingers and is not able to control her respirations. The MOST appropriate nursing intervention for this client is to _____.
- A. Instruct the client to blow her nose and take deep breath
- B. Administer oxygen
- C. Have the client breath into a paper bag
- D. Administer IV fluids as ordered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client is experiencing symptoms of hyperventilation, a condition that occurs when there is excessive elimination of carbon dioxide from the body. Breathing into a paper bag can help by allowing the client to rebreathe carbon dioxide, which can help restore the balance of gases in the blood and alleviate the tingling sensations in the lips and fingers. This technique is commonly used to help regulate breathing in cases of hyperventilation. Administering oxygen (choice B) may not be necessary as the issue lies with an imbalance of carbon dioxide, not a lack of oxygen. Instructing the client to blow her nose and take deep breaths (choice A) may not address the underlying problem effectively. Administering IV fluids (choice D) is not relevant to the client's symptoms of hyperventilation.
What is the recommended position for a conscious patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation?
- A. High-Fowler's position
- B. Supine position with legs elevated
- C. Left lateral recumbent position
- D. Semi-Fowler's position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The recommended position for a conscious patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation is the High-Fowler's position. This position involves the patient sitting upright or almost upright at about a 90-degree angle. The High-Fowler's position helps improve ventilation by expanding the lungs and maximizing airflow in and out of the airways. It also reduces the work of breathing in patients with asthma by allowing gravity to assist in moving air in and out of the lungs more easily. Additionally, this position can help alleviate shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing an asthma exacerbation.
Context of a verbal communication is the:
- A. Use of understandable
- B. Use of clear sentences
- C. Use of literal words
- D. Environment where communication occurs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The context of a verbal communication is the environment or situation in which the communication takes place. It includes factors such as the physical setting, the social or cultural background, the relationship between the speaker and the listener, and any other relevant conditions that may impact the understanding of the message. Understanding the context is essential for effective communication as it helps to interpret the meaning behind the words spoken and ensures that the message is appropriately received.
A patient with a tibial shaft fracture undergoes surgical fixation with an intramedullary nail. What postoperative complication should the healthcare team monitor for in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Wound infection
- B. Nonunion
- C. Fat embolism syndrome
- D. Compartment syndrome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Following surgical fixation of a tibial shaft fracture with an intramedullary nail, healthcare providers should monitor for the development of fat embolism syndrome (FES) in the immediate postoperative period. FES is a serious complication that occurs when fat droplets from the bone marrow enter the bloodstream and cause respiratory and neurological symptoms. Clinical manifestations of FES may include dyspnea, tachypnea, petechial rash, altered mental status, and hypoxemia. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential in managing fat embolism syndrome to prevent serious complications such as respiratory failure and neurological deficits. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of FES is crucial in the postoperative care of patients undergoing surgical fixation of long bone fractures.
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the importance of professional boundaries in nursing practice. What statement by a student indicates understanding of this concept?
- A. "It's okay to share personal information with patients to build rapport."
- B. "Maintaining professional boundaries helps protect both patients and nurses."
- C. "Establishing friendships with patients enhances trust and communication."
- D. "Being emotionally involved with patients improves patient outcomes."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B, "Maintaining professional boundaries helps protect both patients and nurses," indicates an understanding of the importance of professional boundaries in nursing practice. Professional boundaries define the limits of the nurse-patient relationship and help ensure that interactions are safe, therapeutic, and based on the patient's best interest. By maintaining these boundaries, nurses can uphold ethical standards, prevent harm, and maintain trust with patients. It also helps prevent issues such as transference, countertransference, and breaches of confidentiality. Overall, understanding and respecting professional boundaries are essential for promoting the well-being of both patients and healthcare providers.