Nokea
A patient receiving medical treatment for an active tuberculosis infection asks when she can starting going out in public again. You respond that she is no longer contagious when:
- A. She has 3 negative sputum cultures
- B. Her signs and symptoms improve
- C. She has completed the full medication regime
- D. Her chest x-ray is normal
- E. She has been on tuberculosis medications for about 3 weeks
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: These are all criteria for when a patient with active TB can return to public life (school, work, running errands). Until then they are still contagious and must stay home in isolation.
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Which medication below blocks the function of Leukotriene for the treatment of asthma?
- A. Salmeterol
- B. Theophylline
- C. Tiotropim
- D. Montelukast
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that blocks leukotrienes, reducing asthma symptoms.
You are providing care to a patient with COPD who is receiving medical treatment for exacerbation. The patient has a history of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The patient is experiencing extreme hyperglycemia and bruising. Which medication ordered for this patient can cause hyperglycemia and bruising?
- A. Prednisone
- B. Atrovent
- C. Flagyl
- D. Levaquin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone , a corticosteroid, commonly causes hyperglycemia and easy bruising as side effects. Atrovent , Flagyl , and Levaquin are not typically associated with these effects.
The nurse performs postural drainage on the client. Which nursing intervention is most beneficial to loosen secretions?
- A. Telling the client to take deep breaths
- B. Striking the back with a cupped hand
- C. Applying pressure below the diaphragm
- D. Placing the client in a sitting position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Striking the back with a cupped hand (percussion) helps loosen secretions during postural drainage.
Which assessment data indicate to the nurse the chest tubes inserted three (3) days ago have been effective in treating the client with a hemothorax?
- A. Gentle bubbling in the suction compartment.
- B. No fluctuation (tidaling) in the water-seal compartment.
- C. The drainage compartment has 250 mL of blood.
- D. The client is able to deep breathe without any pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No tidaling (B) indicates lung re-expansion, showing effective hemothorax treatment. Bubbling (A) suggests air leak, drainage (C) is expected, and pain-free breathing (D) is secondary.
A patient with active tuberculosis is taking Ethambutol. As the nurse you make it priority to assess the patient's?
- A. hearing
- B. mental status
- C. vitamin B6 level
- D. vision
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This medication can cause inflammation of the optic nerve. Therefore, it is very important the nurse asks the patient about their vision. If the patient has blurred vision or reports a change in colors, the MD must be notified immediately.