Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks

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A patient receiving palliative care for end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) expresses a desire to discuss advance care planning. What action should the palliative nurse take?

  • A. Dismiss the patient's request and focus on symptom management.
  • B. Initiate a conversation about advance directives and future care preferences.
  • C. Encourage the patient to postpone discussions about advance care planning.
  • D. Refer the patient to a social worker for assistance with advance care planning.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a patient receiving palliative care for end-stage COPD expresses a desire to discuss advance care planning, the palliative nurse should initiate a conversation about advance directives and future care preferences. Advance care planning involves discussing and documenting a patient's preferences regarding future medical care, particularly in situations where the patient may no longer be able to make decisions. This discussion helps ensure that the patient's wishes are respected and followed in the event they are unable to communicate their preferences. By engaging in advance care planning discussions, the nurse can help the patient feel empowered, supported, and in control of their medical care decisions. It also allows healthcare providers to align care with the patient's values and goals, ultimately improving quality of life and ensuring dignity at the end of life.

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Which of the following actions is appropriate for managing a conscious patient with a foreign object lodged in the eye?

  • A. Attempting to remove the object with tweezers.
  • B. Rinsing the eye with sterile saline solution.
  • C. Applying pressure to the eyelid to dislodge the object.
  • D. Placing a bandage over the affected eye.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When managing a conscious patient with a foreign object lodged in the eye, the appropriate action is to rinse the eye with sterile saline solution. This helps to flush out the foreign object and reduce the risk of further injury or infection. Attempting to remove the object with tweezers or applying pressure to the eyelid can potentially cause more harm to the eye. Placing a bandage over the affected eye is not beneficial in this situation as it does not address the presence of the foreign object. Rinsing the eye with sterile saline solution is the safest and most effective initial step to take in managing a foreign object lodged in the eye.

Choose an indicator that models personal and professional behavior and values.

  • A. Utilizes communication and social media responsibly
  • B. Attends conferences
  • C. Enrolls in school
  • D. Joins civic organization
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Utilizing communication and social media responsibly is an indicator that models personal and professional behavior and values. Responsible use of communication and social media demonstrates a commitment to maintaining a positive online presence, interacting respectfully with others, and upholding professional standards in digital communication. This behavior reflects integrity, accountability, and respect for oneself and others, which are essential qualities in both personal and professional settings. Additionally, demonstrating responsible behavior in the digital sphere can help build trust, enhance reputation, and foster valuable relationships with colleagues, clients, and the community.

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed prednisone for an acute exacerbation. Which instruction is important for the nurse to include in patient education about prednisone therapy?

  • A. "Take prednisone with antacids to minimize gastrointestinal upset."
  • B. "Avoid abruptly stopping prednisone therapy."
  • C. "Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods while taking prednisone."
  • D. "Prednisone may cause weight loss, so monitor your weight regularly."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It is crucial for patients with COPD who are prescribed prednisone to be educated about the importance of not abruptly stopping the medication. Prednisone is a type of corticosteroid that should be tapered off gradually under the guidance of a healthcare provider to prevent potential withdrawal symptoms and adrenal insufficiency. Suddenly stopping prednisone can lead to serious adverse effects, including fatigue, weakness, joint pain, fever, dizziness, and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, adherence to the prescribed tapering schedule is essential to ensure the safe and effective management of COPD exacerbations with prednisone therapy.

Nurse Cris received information from some community residents who suspect that a neighbor ls abusing his young child. Which should be the PRIORITY nursing action ?

  • A. Report the police authorities.
  • B. Notify the social worker.
  • C. Ignore the information
  • D. Validate the information
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The PRIORITY nursing action when receiving information about suspected child abuse is to report to the police authorities. Child abuse is a serious issue that requires immediate intervention to ensure the safety and well-being of the child. The police are trained to investigate these types of situations and can take the necessary steps to protect the child from harm. It is essential to act swiftly and report any suspicions of child abuse to the proper authorities to prevent further harm and ensure the child's safety.

When the staff nurses in Pediatric Ward work more than they can handle, thus, losing their enthusiasm in their work, which of the following consequences is referred to/

  • A. Lower patient care
  • B. Low quality patient care
  • C. Medical errors
  • D. Burnout
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. In this scenario, when staff nurses in the Pediatric Ward are working more than they can handle, they may experience burnout. Burnout can lead to a decrease in enthusiasm for work, feelings of depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment. These consequences can ultimately impact the quality of patient care provided by the nurses. Burnout not only affects the well-being of the healthcare workers but can also result in lower patient care quality, medical errors, and decreased overall job performance. Addressing and preventing burnout is crucial in maintaining a high standard of care and ensuring the well-being of healthcare professionals.

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