Nokea
A patient takes an oral medication that causes gastrointestinal upset. The patient asks the primary care NP why the drug information insert cautions against using antacids while taking the drug. The NP should explain that the antacid may:
- A. alter drug absorption.
- B. alter drug distribution.
- C. lead to drug toxicity.
- D. increase stomach upset.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because antacids change gastric pH, affecting drug absorption. Choice B is incorrect as distribution isn’t directly altered. Choice C is wrong since toxicity isn’t the primary concern here. Choice D is inaccurate as antacids typically reduce upset.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Hypotension
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that works by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood pressure. Therefore, a potential adverse effect of enalapril is hypotension, not hypertension (choice A), tachycardia (choice C), or hyperglycemia (choice D). Monitoring for hypotension is crucial to prevent complications.
Drugs that should be avoided in the elderly include:
- A. Acetaminophen
- B. Amitriptyline
- C. Amoxicillin
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is avoided in the elderly (per Beers Criteria) due to anticholinergic effects causing confusion, constipation, and falls. Choice A is incorrect as acetaminophen is safe. Choice C is wrong because amoxicillin is appropriate with dose adjustment. Choice D is incorrect since only amitriptyline fits.
The healthcare professional is assessing a client who presents with jaundice. Which assessment finding is most important for the healthcare professional to follow up on?
- A. Urine specific gravity of 1.03
- B. Frothy, tea-colored urine
- C. Clay-colored stools
- D. Elevated serum amylase and lipase levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated serum amylase and lipase levels are indicative of pancreatitis, a serious condition that can manifest with jaundice. Timely follow-up is crucial to manage pancreatitis and its complications effectively in a jaundiced client. Choices A, B, and C are less critical in this scenario. Urine specific gravity within normal range, frothy tea-colored urine, and clay-colored stools can be associated with various conditions but are not directly indicative of pancreatitis, which is the most concerning condition associated with jaundice.
A patient develops hepatotoxicity from chronic acetaminophen use. The primary care NP may recommend:
- A. milk thistle.
- B. chondroitin.
- C. coenzyme Q.
- D. glucosamine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because milk thistle protects the liver from hepatotoxins like acetaminophen. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they lack this hepatoprotective effect.
When a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect, the combined effect of the drugs is:
- A. The sum of the effects of each drug individually
- B. Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually
- C. Less than the effect of each drug individually
- D. Not predictable, as it varies with each individual
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because synergy means the combined effect exceeds the sum of individual effects, enhancing therapeutic outcomes beyond additive results. Choice A is incorrect as it describes an additive, not synergistic, effect. Choice C is wrong because synergy doesn't reduce efficacy below individual effects. Choice D is incorrect since synergy is a predictable pharmacological principle, not entirely variable.