HESI Medical Surgical Specialty Exam

HESI Medical Surgical Specialty Exam Related

Review HESI Medical Surgical Specialty Exam related questions and content

A patient taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) to treat a urinary tract infection complains of a sore throat. The nurse will contact the provider to request an order for which laboratory test(s)?

  • A. Complete blood count with differential
  • B. Throat culture
  • C. Urinalysis
  • D. Coagulation studies
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a patient taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for a urinary tract infection presents with a sore throat, the nurse should request a complete blood count with differential. TMP-SMX can cause life-threatening adverse effects such as agranulocytosis, a condition characterized by a low white blood cell count, which can manifest as a sore throat. Ordering a complete blood count with differential helps assess the patient's white blood cell count to detect any potential serious adverse effects. Throat culture (Choice B) is not indicated unless there are specific signs of a throat infection. Urinalysis (Choice C) is not relevant for assessing a sore throat. Coagulation studies (Choice D) are not typically indicated for a sore throat symptom.

You may also like to solve these questions

A client has just been scheduled for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). What should the nurse tell the client about the procedure? Select all that apply.

  • A. That informed consent is required
  • B. That the test takes about 1 hour to complete
  • C. That premedication for sedation may be necessary
  • D. That food and fluids will be withheld before the procedure
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is that the ERCP procedure takes about 1 hour to complete. Informed consent is required before the procedure. Premedication for sedation may be necessary as sedation is commonly used during ERCP to keep the client comfortable. Food and fluids are withheld before the procedure to prevent aspiration and ensure a clear view during the procedure. Position changes may be necessary to facilitate the passage of the tube.

When preparing to examine a client's skin using a Wood light, what should the nurse do to facilitate this procedure?

  • A. Darken the examining room
  • B. Administer a local anesthetic
  • C. Obtain a signed informed consent
  • D. Shave the skin and scrub it with povidone-iodine (Betadine)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When using a Wood light to examine the skin, the nurse should darken the examining room. This is necessary because the Wood light emits long-wavelength UV light, which is better visualized in a darkened environment. Administering a local anesthetic (Choice B) is not needed for this procedure. Obtaining a signed informed consent (Choice C) is not directly related to using a Wood light for skin examination. Shaving the skin and scrubbing it with povidone-iodine (Betadine) (Choice D) is not required and may not be appropriate for this type of skin examination.

A client with bladder cancer who underwent a complete cystectomy with ileal conduit is being assessed by a nurse. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to urgently contact the healthcare provider?

  • A. The ileostomy is draining blood-tinged urine.
  • B. There is serous sanguineous drainage on the surgical dressing.
  • C. The ileostomy stoma appears pale and cyanotic.
  • D. Oxygen saturations are 92% on room air.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A pale or cyanotic appearance of the ileostomy stoma indicates compromised circulation, which can lead to necrosis if not promptly addressed. On the other hand, blood-tinged urine and serous sanguineous drainage are common following a complete cystectomy with ileal conduit. These findings do not typically indicate an urgent issue. An oxygen saturation of 92% on room air is slightly below the normal range but does not warrant urgent healthcare provider contact unless accompanied by significant respiratory distress or other concerning symptoms.

A nurse teaches a client who is recovering from a nephrectomy secondary to kidney trauma. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching?

  • A. Since you only have one kidney, a salt and fluid restriction is required.
  • B. Your therapy will include hemodialysis while you recover.
  • C. Medication will be prescribed to control your high blood pressure.
  • D. You need to avoid participating in contact sports like football.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

After a urography, a client is instructed by a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching?

  • A. Avoid direct contact with your urine for 24 hours until the dye clears.
  • B. You may experience dribbling of urine for several weeks post-procedure.
  • C. Drink at least 3 liters of fluids today to assist in dye elimination.
  • D. Your skin may turn slightly yellow from the dye used in this procedure.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is important for the client to increase fluid intake to aid in the rapid elimination of the potentially nephrotoxic dye used in urography. This instruction will help prevent any adverse effects related to the dye. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the dye used in urography is not radioactive, so there is no need to avoid direct contact with urine, urine dribbling is not a common post-procedure occurrence, and the dye should not cause the client's skin to change color.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.