Nokea
A patient understands the common causes of urinary tract infection if he or she states the following, EXCEPT:
- A. "UTI can be caused by holding the urge to urinate."
- B. "Insertion of instruments and catheter to the urinary tract can introduce bacteria that can cause infection."
- C. "I usually drink lots of water at night and it might have caused my UTI."
- D. "UTI can be caused by unhygienic cleaning after defecation."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking lots of water at night is actually a good practice for promoting urinary health and preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infections. Therefore, the statement that drinking lots of water at night might have caused a UTI is incorrect. The other choices describe common causes of UTIs such as holding the urge to urinate, introducing bacteria through instruments or catheters, and poor hygiene practices after defecation.
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Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a client with multiple myeloma?
- A. Monitoring respiratory status
- B. Restricting fluid intake
- C. Balancing rest and activity
- D. Preventing bone injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of the primary concerns in clients with multiple myeloma is bone damage and fractures due to weakened bones caused by the disease. Preventing bone injury is a crucial nursing intervention to focus on for these clients. Measures to prevent bone injury include implementing fall precautions, encouraging safe mobility, providing supportive devices such as walkers or canes, and educating the client on strategies to prevent falls and fractures. Additionally, pain management and regular assessment for signs of bone damage are essential in caring for clients with multiple myeloma. Other interventions such as monitoring respiratory status, balancing rest and activity, and restricting fluid intake may be important in certain situations for these clients but preventing bone injury takes precedence due to the increased risk of skeletal complications associated with multiple myeloma.
The child refusing to go to bed and remaining active is likely due to
- A. thyrotoxicosis
- B. ADHD
- C. primary sleep disorder
- D. limit-setting behavioral insomnia of childhood
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Limit-setting insomnia involves resistance to bedtime routines.
Which of the ff adverse reactions may occur when a client is taking danazol (Danocrine) for fibrocystic breast disease?
- A. Nausea
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Confusion
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Danazol (Danocrine) is a synthetic androgen that is used to treat conditions such as fibrocystic breast disease. One of the known adverse effects of danazol is the development of amenorrhea, which refers to the absence of menstrual periods. This occurs because danazol suppresses ovarian function by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins, leading to decreased production of estrogen and progesterone. Amenorrhea associated with danazol use is typically reversible upon discontinuation of the medication. Nausea, confusion, and hypotension are not common adverse reactions associated with danazol use for fibrocystic breast disease.
The nurse is instructing a premenopausal woman about breast self-examination. The nurse should tell the client to do her self-examination:
- A. at the end of her menstrual cycle
- B. on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle
- C. on the same day each month
- D. immediately after her menstrual period
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should advise the premenopausal woman to perform her breast self-examination on the same day each month. Regular monthly self-examination helps the woman become familiar with the normal texture and appearance of her breasts, making it easier to detect any changes or abnormalities that may indicate a problem. Performing the examination on the same day each month helps ensure consistency in timing and facilitates the woman to establish a routine for self-examination. This consistent approach increases the likelihood of detecting any changes early, which is crucial for timely medical evaluation and intervention if needed.
Alex is taking carbamazepine (tegretol) for seizure disorder. He should be monitored for which of the following potential complications?
- A. adult respiratory distress syndrome
- B. elevated leves of phenytoin (Dilantin)
- C. diplopia
- D. leukocytosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a known enzyme inducer, and it can increase the metabolism of other drugs, such as phenytoin (Dilantin). This can lead to lower levels of phenytoin in the blood and potentially reduce its effectiveness. Therefore, patients taking carbamazepine should be monitored for elevated levels of phenytoin to ensure optimal seizure control. Diplopia (double vision), leukocytosis, and adult respiratory distress syndrome are not typically associated with carbamazepine use.