Nokea
A patient who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis tells you that she has not had any joint pain or swelling for 3 months. She is hoping it has 'gone away for good.' What is probably happening with this patient?
- A. She is probably right and the acute phase of the illness is over.
- B. Because this is a chronic illness, she is probably in a remission for now.
- C. She is now in the prodromal phase of illness and no longer in the symptomatic phase.
- D. She is in the recovery phase of illness and will no longer experience those symptoms.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition, and the absence of symptoms for 3 months likely indicates a period of remission, not a permanent resolution.
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Which of the following could be classified as stressors?
- A. Getting married
- B. Receiving a promotion at work
- C. Losing a loved one
- D. Having a much-wanted baby
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: All listed events?getting married, receiving a promotion, losing a loved one, and having a baby?are significant life changes that can cause stress, regardless of whether they are positive or negative.
An individual has been to his health-care provider for complaints of back pain and was informed that he has a bulging vertebral disk. He must now decide whether he wants to see a chiropractor for treatment, obtain a second opinion, or follow the instructions of this health-care provider. This individual is in which of the phases of illness?
- A. Prodromal phase
- B. Dependency phase
- C. Seeking help phase
- D. Recovery phase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The seeking help phase involves consulting healthcare providers and making decisions about treatment, as described in the scenario.
A patient is extremely stressed and decides to decrease some of her responsibilities outside of her family and job. She resigns from being PTA president and from being a Scout leader, as well as saying 'no' to some church and social obligations. This is an example of using:
- A. negative coping strategies.
- B. minimization.
- C. dissociation.
- D. positive coping strategies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reducing responsibilities to manage stress is a positive coping strategy, as it helps the individual prioritize and reduce overwhelming demands.
Acute diseases would include which of the following?
- A. Influenza
- B. Measles
- C. Hypertension
- D. Bacterial pneumonia
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Acute diseases are characterized by sudden onset and short duration, such as influenza (A), measles (B), and bacterial pneumonia (D). Hypertension (C) is a chronic condition.
Which are modifiable risk factors for diseases?
- A. Smoking
- B. Diet high in fat
- C. Genetic makeup
- D. Age and gender
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Smoking (A) and a high-fat diet (B) are behaviors that can be changed, unlike genetic makeup (C) or age and gender (D), which are non-modifiable.