Nokea
A patient who is hospitalized with a possible electrolyte imbalance is disoriented and weak, has an irregular pulse, and takes hydrochlorothiazide. He most likely suffers from:
- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypokalemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A female patient is discharged from the hospital after having an episode of heart failure. She's prescribed daily oral doses of digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). Two days later, she tells her community health nurse that she feels weak and her heart "flutters" frequently. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Tell the patient to rest more often.
- B. Tell the patient to stop taking the digoxin, and call the physician.
- C. Call the physician, report the symptoms, and request to draw a blood sample to determine the patient's potassium level.
- D. Tell the patient to avoid foods that contain caffeine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide is a potassium-wasting diuretic. A low potassium level may cause weakness and palpitations. Telling the patient to rest more often won't help the patient if she's hypokalemic. Digoxin isn't causing the patient's symptoms, so she doesn't need to stop taking it. The patient should probably avoid caffeine, but this wouldn't resolve potassium depletion.
A patient admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed and anemia is receiving a blood transfusion. Based upon the patient's hypotensive blood pressure, the nurse anticipates an order for IV fluids from the physician. Which of the following IV solutions may be administered with blood products?
- A. D5 and .45% Normal Saline
- B. Lactated Ringer's
- C. 5% dextrose in water
- D. 0.9% NaCl
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A patient with hypokalemia and heart failure is admitted to the telemetry unit. The nurse is aware that hypokalemia could cause which of the following abnormalities on an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
- A. Shortened P-R interval
- B. Inverted T wave
- C. Depressed U wave
- D. Elevated U wave
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is assessing the patient for the presence of a Chvostek's sign. What electrolyte imbalance does a positive Chvostek's sign indicate?
- A. Hypermagnesemia
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The triage nurse notes upon assessment in the emergency room that the patient with anxiety is hyperventilating. The nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?
- A. Respiratory acidosis
- B. Respiratory alkalosis
- C. Increased PaCO2
- D. Central nervous system (CNS) disturbances
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.