Nokea
A patient will be taking oral iron supplements at home. The nurse will include which statements in the teaching plan for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Take the iron tablets with meals to reduce GI upset.
- B. Take the iron tablets on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals.
- C. Take the iron tablets with an antacid to prevent heartburn.
- D. Drink 8 ounces of milk with each iron dose.
- E. Taking iron supplements with orange juice enhances iron absorption.
- F. Stools may become loose and light in color.
- G. Stools may become black and tarry.
Correct Answer: A,E,G
Rationale: Iron tablets need to be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal distress, but antacids and milk interfere with absorption. Orange juice enhances the absorption of iron. Stools may become black and tarry in patients who are on iron supplements. Tablets need to be taken whole, not crushed, and the patient needs to be encouraged to eat foods high in iron.
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The nurse will teach a patient who is receiving oral iron supplements to watch for which expected adverse effects?
- A. Palpitations
- B. Drowsiness and dizziness
- C. Black, tarry stools
- D. Orange-red discoloration of the urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Black, tarry stools and other gastrointestinal disturbances may occur with the administration of iron preparations.
The nurse is teaching a patient with iron-deficiency anemia about foods to increase iron intake. Which food may enhance the absorption of oral iron forms?
- A. Milk
- B. Yogurt
- C. Antacids
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Orange juice contains ascorbic acid, which enhances the absorption of oral iron forms; antacids, milk, and yogurt may interfere with absorption.
A woman who is planning to become pregnant should ensure that she receives adequate levels of which supplement to reduce the risk for fetal neural tube defects?
- A. Vitamin B12
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Iron
- D. Folic acid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is recommended that administration of folic acid be begun at least 1 month before pregnancy and continue through early pregnancy to reduce the risk for fetal neural tube defects.
The nurse is administering intravenous iron dextran for the first time to a patient with anemia. After giving a test dose, how long will the nurse wait before administering the remaining portion of the dose?
- A. 30 minutes
- B. 1 hour
- C. 6 hours
- D. 24 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although anaphylactic reactions usually occur within a few moments after the test dose, it is recommended that a period of at least 1 hour elapse before the remaining portion of the initial dose is given.
The nurse is administering folic acid to a patient with a new diagnosis of anemia. Which statement about treatment with folic acid is true?
- A. Folic acid is used to treat any type of anemia.
- B. Folic acid is used to treat iron-deficiency anemia.
- C. Folic acid is used to treat pernicious anemia.
- D. The specific cause of the anemia needs to be determined before treatment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid should not be used to treat anemias until the underlying cause and type of anemia have been identified. Administering folic acid to a patient with pernicious anemia may correct the hematologic changes of anemia, but the symptoms of pernicious anemia (which is due to a vitamin B12 deficiency, not a folic acid deficiency) may be deceptively masked.