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A patient with a genital herpes exacerbation has a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to the genital lesions. What nursing intervention best addresses this diagnosis?
- A. Cover the lesions with a topical antibiotic.
- B. Keep the lesions clean and dry.
- C. Apply a topical NSAID to the lesions.
- D. Remain on bed rest until the lesions resolve.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping herpes lesions clean and dry reduces pain and promotes healing. Antibiotics are ineffective for viral infections, and topical NSAIDs are not standard. Bed rest is unnecessary unless pain is severe.
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A patient diagnosed with cervical cancer will soon begin round of radiation therapy. When planning the patient's subsequent care plan, the nurse should prioritize actions with what goal?
- A. Preventing hemorrhage from bleeding
- B. Ensuring the patient knows the treatment is palliative, not curative
- C. Protecting the safety of patient, family, and staff
- D. Ensuring that patient adheres to dietary restrictions during treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Safety during radiation therapy is critical to protect patients, family, and staff from exposure. Hemorrhage is not a common risk, and the treatment may be curative. Dietary restrictions are not typically required.
A middle-aged female patient has been offered testing for HIV/AIDS upon admission to the hospital for an unrelated health problem. The nurse observes that the patient is visibly surprised and embarrassed by this offer. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. Most women with HIV dont know they have the disease. If you have it, its important we catch it early.
- B. This testing is offered to every adolescent and adult regardless of their lifestyle, appearance or history.
- C. The rationale for this testing is so that you can begin treatment as soon as testing comes back, if its positive.
- D. Youre being offered this testing because you are actually in the prime demographic for HIV infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Routine HIV screening is offered to all individuals aged 13 to 64 in healthcare settings to reduce stigma and encourage testing. This approach avoids assumptions about risk and alleviates patient anxiety.
Following a recent history of dyspareunia and lower abdominal pain, a patient has received a diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). When providing health education related to self-care, the nurse should address which of the following topics? Select all that apply.
- A. Use of condoms to prevent infecting others
- B. Appropriate use of antibiotics
- C. Taking measures to prevent pregnancy
- D. The need for a Pap smear every 3 months
- E. The importance of weight loss in preventing symptoms
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Patients with PID should use condoms to prevent transmission and adhere to antibiotic regimens. Pregnancy prevention is not a primary concern, though ectopic pregnancy risk exists. Pap smears every 3 months are not required, and weight loss does not prevent PID symptoms.
A student nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a wide excision of the vulva. The student should know that what action is contraindicated in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Placing patient in low Fowlers position
- B. Application of compression stockings
- C. Ambulation to a chair
- D. Provision of a low-residue diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sitting in a chair would place too much tension on the incision site and is contraindicated immediately post-surgery. Low Fowlers position reduces tension on the incision. Compression stockings prevent deep vein thrombosis, and a low-residue diet prevents straining during defecation.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has just been told that her ovarian cancer is terminal and that no curative options remain. What would be the priority nursing care for this patient at this time?
- A. Provide emotional support to the patient and her family.
- B. Implement distraction and relaxation techniques.
- C. Offer to inform the patients family of this diagnosis.
- D. Teach the patient about the importance of maintaining a positive attitude.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Emotional support is critical for a patient with a terminal diagnosis to help cope with the prognosis. Informing the family is not the nurses role unless requested. Distraction and positive attitude focus may be inappropriate at this stage.