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A patient with a peptic ulcer disease has had metronidazole (Flagyl) added to his current medication regimen. What health education related to this medication should the nurse provide?
- A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Take up to one extra dose per day if stomach pain persists.
- C. Take at bedtime to mitigate the effects of drowsiness.
- D. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alcohol must be avoided when taking Flagyl and the medication should be taken with food. This drug does not cause drowsiness and the dose should not be adjusted by the patient.
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A nurse in the postanesthesia care unit admits a patient following resection of a gastric tumor. Following immediate recovery, the patient should be placed in which position to facilitate patient comfort and gastric emptying?
- A. Fowlers
- B. Supine
- C. Left lateral
- D. Left Sims
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Positioning the patient in a Fowlers position postoperatively promotes comfort and facilitates emptying of the stomach following gastric surgery. Any position that involves lying down delays stomach emptying and is not recommended for this type of patient. Supine positioning and the left lateral (left Sims) position do not achieve this goal.
A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease has presented to the emergency department (ED) in distress. What assessment finding would lead the ED nurse to suspect that the patient has a perforated ulcer?
- A. The patient has abdominal bloating that developed rapidly.
- B. The patient has a rigid, boardlike abdomen that is tender.
- C. The patient is experiencing intense lower right quadrant pain.
- D. The patient is experiencing dizziness and confusion with no apparent hemodynamic changes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An extremely tender and rigid (boardlike) abdomen is suggestive of a perforated ulcer. None of the other listed signs and symptoms is suggestive of a perforated ulcer.
A patient with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease has just been prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec). How should the nurse best describe this medications therapeutic action?
- A. This medication will reduce the amount of acid secreted in your stomach.
- B. This medication will make the lining of your stomach more resistant to damage.
- C. This medication will specifically address the pain that accompanies peptic ulcer disease.
- D. This medication will help your stomach lining to repair itself.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors like Prilosec inhibit the synthesis of stomach acid. PPIs do not increase the durability of the stomach lining, relieve pain, or stimulate tissue repair.
A patient has been prescribed orlistat (Xenical) for the treatment of obesity. When providing relevant health education for this patient, the nurse should ensure the patient is aware of what potential adverse effect of treatment?
- A. Bowel incontinence
- B. Flatus with oily discharge
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Heat intolerance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Side effects of orlistat include increased frequency of bowel movements, gas with oily discharge, decreased food absorption, decreased bile flow, and decreased absorption of some vitamins. This drug does not cause bowel incontinence, abdominal pain, or heat intolerance.
A patient who experienced an upper GI bleed due to gastritis has had the bleeding controlled and the patients condition is now stable. For the next several hours, the nurse caring for this patient should assess for what signs and symptoms of recurrence?
- A. Tachycardia, hypotension, and tachypnea
- B. Tarry, foul-smelling stools
- C. Diaphoresis and sudden onset of abdominal pain
- D. Sudden thirst, unrelieved by oral fluid administration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tachycardia, hypotension, and tachypnea are signs of recurrent bleeding. Patients who have had one GI bleed are at risk for recurrence. Tarry stools are expected short-term findings after a hemorrhage. Hemorrhage is not normally associated with sudden thirst or diaphoresis.