Adult Health Nursing First Chapter Quizlet

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A patient with advanced heart failure expresses fear and anxiety about the progression of their illness. What is the palliative nurse's most appropriate response?

  • A. Provide reassurance and minimize discussions about end-of-life care.
  • B. Encourage the patient to focus on positive thoughts and avoid discussing fears.
  • C. Offer empathetic listening and explore the patient's concerns about the future.
  • D. Suggest distraction techniques to divert the patient's attention from their worries.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The palliative nurse's most appropriate response in this scenario is to offer empathetic listening and explore the patient's concerns about the future. By providing a compassionate and supportive environment for the patient to express their fears and anxieties, the nurse can help the patient feel heard and understood. This approach allows the nurse to address the patient's emotional needs and provide appropriate support to help them cope with their feelings. Avoiding discussions or minimizing the patient's concerns may invalidate their emotions and hinder the therapeutic relationship. Encouraging distraction techniques or focusing solely on positive thoughts may not address the underlying fears and anxieties that the patient is experiencing. Therefore, offering empathetic listening and exploring the patient's concerns is the most appropriate way for the nurse to provide holistic care for the patient with advanced heart failure.

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In admitting the injured patients, which of the following should be the FIRST that should be done by the emergency team? They should assess the patients ________.

  • A. Breathing
  • B. Circulation
  • C. Airway
  • D. Vital signs
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing the patient's airway is the first priority when admitting injured patients. A clear airway is crucial for effective breathing. If the airway is obstructed, the patient will not be able to breathe properly, leading to serious consequences. Therefore, ensuring a patent airway takes precedence over assessing breathing, circulation, or vital signs. Once the airway is secured, the emergency team can proceed with assessing breathing, circulation, and vital signs in order to provide appropriate treatment and care.

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis in the hip joint?

  • A. Baker's cyst
  • B. Heberden's nodes
  • C. Trendelenburg gait
  • D. Swan-neck deformity
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Osteoarthritis in the hip joint can lead to weakness or dysfunction in the hip abductor muscles, causing a Trendelenburg gait. This gait abnormality is characterized by a dropping of the pelvis on the opposite side of the affected hip during weight-bearing on the affected leg. It is a common clinical manifestation of hip osteoarthritis due to the muscle weakness and altered mechanics in the hip joint. Baker's cyst is associated with knee osteoarthritis, Heberden's nodes are commonly seen in osteoarthritis of the fingers, and Swan-neck deformity is typically seen in rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient and discovers a discrepancy between the medication order and the patient's medication record. What is the nurse's priority action?

  • A. Administer the medication as ordered to avoid delays
  • B. Document the discrepancy and inform the charge nurse
  • C. Verify the medication order with the prescriber immediately
  • D. Contact the pharmacy for clarification on the medication
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a nurse discovers a discrepancy between the medication order and the patient's medication record, the priority action is to verify the medication order with the prescriber to ensure accuracy and patient safety. Administering the medication without clarification can put the patient at risk. Documenting the discrepancy and informing the charge nurse is important, but it should not delay verifying the order with the prescriber. Contacting the pharmacy for clarification may be necessary in some cases, but the immediate action should be to confirm the prescription with the prescriber to prevent errors and ensure the patient receives the correct medication.

A woman in active labor presents with a prolonged latent phase, characterized by irregular and infrequent contractions. What maternal condition should the nurse assess for that may contribute to this abnormal labor pattern?

  • A. Maternal dehydration
  • B. Pelvic outlet obstruction
  • C. Maternal exhaustion
  • D. Fetal macrosomia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maternal dehydration can contribute to a prolonged latent phase during labor. Dehydration can lead to reduced blood volume and electrolyte imbalances, which can result in ineffective uterine contractions. Without adequate hydration, the uterus may not contract effectively, causing irregular and infrequent contractions. It is important for the nurse to assess the woman's hydration status and encourage her to stay hydrated during labor to help regulate contractions and progress labor.

What must be stressed to all participants attending a health fair?

  • A. A screening program is not a substitute for ongoing health supervision from a health care provider.
  • B. All test results are only tentative, and so participants who receive negative test results may nonetheless be suffering from a disease.
  • C. Results are true today, but disease can develop any time, so participants should attend any future health fairs as well.
  • D. There are many other diseases that may be attacking participants that the health fair did not screen for, and so continued vigilance is necessary.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Stressing to all participants attending a health fair that a screening program is not a substitute for ongoing health supervision from a healthcare provider is crucial for several reasons. Health fairs are intended to provide a snapshot of an individual's health at a specific point in time and are not comprehensive assessments. Participants need to understand that these screenings are not a replacement for regular check-ups with their healthcare provider, who can provide continued monitoring, follow-up care, and more in-depth evaluations if necessary. It's important for participants to recognize that the results from a health fair screening are just one piece of their overall health picture and that ongoing care from a healthcare provider is essential for maintaining their well-being.

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