Nokea
A patient with anorexia nervosa is being treated with refeeding. Which complication should the nurse monitor for during this phase?
- A. Hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia.
- B. Hypophosphatemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
- C. Increased appetite and food cravings.
- D. Dehydration and hypotension.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypophosphatemia and cardiac arrhythmias. During refeeding in anorexia nervosa, there is a risk of rapid shifts in electrolytes, particularly phosphorus, leading to hypophosphatemia which can cause cardiac arrhythmias. This is a critical complication that the nurse should monitor for. Hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia (choice A) are less common in refeeding syndrome. Increased appetite and food cravings (choice C) are expected outcomes of refeeding, not complications. Dehydration and hypotension (choice D) are potential issues but are not specific to refeeding in anorexia nervosa.
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The single most common symptom of autism is:
- A. Inability to grasp reality
- B. Impaired social interaction
- C. Acting out behaviors
- D. Diminished affect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Though all of these behaviors may occur at some time in autism, impaired social interaction is the overriding symptom that occurs in this disorder.
Disability is:
- A. More common in low-income region of the world
- B. Found in 16% or 1.3 billion people worldwide
- C. More common in males
- D. Not inclusive of mental health conditions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: WHO estimates disability affects 16% of the global population (1.3 billion), including mental health conditions.
A community mental health nurse receives a new client for his caseload. The diagnosis of the client is residual schizophrenia. Documentation states that the client has a number of negative symptoms. Which symptom would the nurse expect to assess in the client?
- A. Bizarre, somatic delusions
- B. Disorganized speech pattern
- C. Catatonic posturing
- D. Emotional blunting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Emotional blunting. In residual schizophrenia, negative symptoms involve deficits in normal emotional responses and behaviors. Emotional blunting refers to a reduction in the intensity of emotional expression, which is commonly seen in clients with residual schizophrenia. This symptom can include a lack of facial expressions, reduced vocal inflections, and overall flat affect.
Choice A (Bizarre, somatic delusions) is incorrect as it refers to a positive symptom of schizophrenia involving distorted beliefs about the body.
Choice B (Disorganized speech pattern) is incorrect as it is characteristic of disorganized schizophrenia, not residual schizophrenia.
Choice C (Catatonic posturing) is incorrect as it is a symptom of catatonic schizophrenia, not residual schizophrenia.
An unusual state called 'waxy flexibility' is sometimes observed in schizophrenia
- A. borderline
- B. disorganized
- C. catatonic
- D. paranoid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Waxy flexibility, a motor symptom, is unique to catatonic schizophrenia.
Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who is experiencing electrolyte imbalances?
- A. Encourage the patient to drink fluids and increase food intake.
- B. Monitor the patient's heart rate and electrolyte levels closely.
- C. Provide high-protein foods to help restore energy.
- D. Instruct the patient to avoid any form of physical exercise.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Monitoring the patient's heart rate and electrolyte levels closely is crucial in managing electrolyte imbalances in patients with bulimia nervosa. Electrolyte imbalances, often caused by purging behaviors, can lead to serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Close monitoring allows for timely interventions such as electrolyte replacement therapy to prevent cardiac issues.
A: Encouraging the patient to drink fluids and increase food intake is not the priority when dealing with electrolyte imbalances as it may worsen the imbalance.
C: Providing high-protein foods may be beneficial for overall nutrition but does not address the immediate need to correct electrolyte imbalances.
D: Instructing the patient to avoid physical exercise is not directly related to managing electrolyte imbalances and may not address the underlying issue effectively.