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A patient with bipolar disorder is being educated by a nurse on the importance of medication adherence. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
- A. I will take my medication only when I feel manic symptoms.
- B. I understand that I need to take my medication regularly, even if I feel well.
- C. I will stop taking my medication if I experience side effects.
- D. I will take my medication whenever I remember.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking medication regularly, even when feeling well, is crucial in managing bipolar disorder. Choice A is incorrect because medication adherence should not be based on symptoms alone. Choice C is incorrect as stopping medication due to side effects should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect because relying on memory may lead to missed doses, impacting treatment effectiveness.
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Which statement by a patient indicates an understanding of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?
- A. CBT will help me understand and change my thought patterns.
- B. CBT focuses on resolving past trauma.
- C. CBT will help me avoid my problems.
- D. CBT involves taking medication to manage symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on helping patients understand and change their thought patterns to improve their mental health. This therapy aims to identify and modify negative or harmful thoughts and behaviors. Option A correctly reflects this fundamental concept of CBT, emphasizing the role of thought patterns in mental health improvement. Choices B and C are incorrect because CBT does not primarily focus on resolving past trauma or avoiding problems; instead, it concentrates on changing cognitive patterns. Choice D is also inaccurate as CBT does not involve medication management but rather focuses on cognitive and behavioral interventions.
Which assessment question, when asked by the nurse, demonstrates an understanding of comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder?
- A. Do rules apply to you?
- B. What do you do to manage anxiety?
- C. Do you have a history of disordered eating?
- D. Do you think that you drink too much?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Inquiring about anxiety management demonstrates an understanding of the common comorbid condition of anxiety often seen alongside major depressive disorder. Anxiety and depression frequently coexist, and addressing anxiety management can provide insights into the patient's overall mental health status. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder.
Which intervention is most appropriate to promote the self-esteem of a patient with severe depression?
- A. Encouraging the patient to spend time alone for self-reflection.
- B. Involving the patient in simple, achievable activities to ensure success.
- C. Allowing the patient to rest and avoid responsibilities.
- D. Providing frequent reassurances and compliments.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Involving the patient in simple, achievable activities is a constructive approach to promote self-esteem by fostering a sense of accomplishment and success. This method encourages positive reinforcement and helps the patient regain confidence and self-worth, which are essential in managing depression. Choice A could potentially lead to rumination and worsen depressive symptoms. Choice C might reinforce avoidance behaviors and hinder progress. Choice D, while supportive, may not address the core need for building self-esteem through personal achievements.
The nurse is providing medication education to a patient who has been prescribed lithium to stabilize mood. Which early signs and symptoms of toxicity should the nurse stress to the patient?
- A. Increased attentiveness
- B. Getting up at night to urinate
- C. Improved vision
- D. An upset stomach for no apparent reason
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct early sign of lithium toxicity that the nurse should stress to the patient is an upset stomach for no apparent reason. Early signs of lithium toxicity often manifest as gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. This can serve as an important indicator for the patient to seek medical attention promptly to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Increased attentiveness, getting up at night to urinate, and improved vision are not early signs of lithium toxicity. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the patient on recognizing gastrointestinal symptoms as potential indicators of toxicity.
What intervention should the nurse implement when caring for a patient demonstrating manic behavior?
- A. Monitor the patient's vital signs frequently.
- B. Engage the patient in calming activities.
- C. Offer the patient a quiet environment for relaxation.
- D. Reduce environmental stimuli and create a calm atmosphere.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When caring for a patient demonstrating manic behavior, the nurse should implement the intervention of reducing environmental stimuli and creating a calm atmosphere. This approach is crucial in managing manic behavior as it helps decrease triggers that may worsen the patient's symptoms. Engaging the patient in calming activities (Choice B) may not be effective during a manic episode as the patient may have difficulty focusing. While offering a quiet environment for relaxation (Choice C) is beneficial, it may not be sufficient to address the heightened stimulation experienced during mania. Monitoring the patient's vital signs frequently (Choice A) is important in general patient care but may not directly address the specific needs of a patient exhibiting manic behavior.