Nokea
A patient with gouty arthritis is experiencing tenderness and swelling in the right ankle and big toe. The nurse notes that the inflammation extends above the ankle area. The patient has been prescribed colchicine and indomethacin. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Consume high-protein foods to reach an ideal body weight.
- B. Drink at least eight cups (1920 mL) of water each day.
- C. Use an electric heating pad when the pain is severe.
- D. Encourage active range of motion exercises to prevent stiffness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drinking ample water helps flush uric acid, reducing crystal formation and inflammation in gouty arthritis.
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The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which diagnostic procedure should the nurse prepare the client for the healthcare provider?
- A. Lumbar puncture.
- B. Skull radiography.
- C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- D. Computerized tomography (CT) scan.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A lumbar puncture is the primary diagnostic procedure for bacterial meningitis, allowing analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for bacterial presence and characteristics.
The nurse is preparing a client for surgery who was admitted to the emergency center following a motor vehicle collision. The client has a fracture of the femur and is bleeding at the bone protrusion site. During the preoperative assessment, the nurse determines that the client currently receives heparin subcutaneously daily. Which is the priority nursing action?
- A. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's medication history.
- B. Ensure that the potential for bleeding is explained to the client.
- C. Have the client sign the surgical and transfusion permits.
- D. Observe the heparin injection sites for signs of bruising.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Notifying the healthcare provider of the client's heparin use is critical as it increases bleeding risk, requiring potential adjustments to the surgical plan or anticoagulation management.
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to begin dialysis. Which condition entered on the client's medical record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis?
- A. Latent hepatitis C.
- B. Crohn's disease with colectomy.
- C. History of nephrotic syndrome.
- D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crohn's disease with colectomy creates peritoneal adhesions, making peritoneal dialysis unsuitable.
The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a patient whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient for?
- A. Computerized tomography (CT) of the chest.
- B. Arterial blood gases (ABG).
- C. Sputum culture and sensitivity.
- D. Blood cultures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sputum culture and sensitivity test identifies the causative organism of pneumonia, guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy.
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review?
- A. White blood cell count.
- B. Platelet count.
- C. Red blood cell count.
- D. Hemoglobin levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelet count is critical as low levels cause petechiae and ecchymosis due to bleeding tendencies.