Nokea
A patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has sought care because of the recent development of new skin lesions. The nurse should interpret these lesions as most likely suggestive of what?
- A. A reduction in the patients CD4 count
- B. A reduction in the patients viral load
- C. An adverse effect of antiretroviral therapy
- D. Virus-induced changes in allergy status
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Skin lesions in HIV often indicate a declining CD4 count, reflecting immune deterioration. Viral load typically increases, not decreases, and antiretrovirals or allergy changes are less likely causes.
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A patients health assessment has resulted in a diagnosis of alopecia areata. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse most likely associate with this health problem?
- A. Chronic Pain
- B. Impaired Skin Integrity
- C. Impaired Tissue Integrity
- D. Disturbed Body Image
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alopecia areata, causing patchy hair loss, often leads to disturbed body image due to its cosmetic impact. It does not cause pain or impair skin/tissue integrity.
A wound care nurse is reviewing skin anatomy with a group of medical nurses. Which area of the skin would the nurse identify as providing a cushion between the skin layers, muscles, and bones?
- A. Dermis
- B. Subcutaneous tissue
- C. Epidermis
- D. Stratum corneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) cushions between skin layers, muscles, and bones. The dermis provides strength, the epidermis is the outer layer, and the stratum corneum is the outermost epidermal layer.
A nurse is explaining the importance of sunlight on the skin to a woman with decreased mobility who rarely leaves her house. The nurse would emphasize that ultraviolet light helps to synthesize what vitamin?
- A. E
- B. D
- C. A
- D. C
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ultraviolet light exposure aids in synthesizing vitamin D, essential for preventing rickets and supporting bone health. Vitamins E, A, and C are not synthesized via sunlight.
A patient with an exceptionally low body mass index has been admitted to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of hypothermia. The nurse should know that this patients susceptibility to heat loss is related to atrophy of what skin component?
- A. Epidermis
- B. Merkel cells
- C. Dermis
- D. Subcutaneous tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Subcutaneous tissue, with its fat content, insulates against heat loss. Atrophy in patients with low BMI increases hypothermia risk. The epidermis, Merkel cells, and dermis do not primarily regulate temperature.
An unresponsive Caucasian patient has been brought to the emergency room by EMS. While assessing this patient, the nurse notes that the patients face is a cherry-red color. What should the nurse suspect?
- A. Carbon monoxide poisoning
- B. Anemia
- C. Jaundice
- D. Uremia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbon monoxide poisoning causes a cherry-red color in light-skinned patients' face and upper torso. Anemia causes pallor, jaundice causes yellowing, and uremia causes a yellow-orange tinge.