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A patient with Parkinsons disease is undergoing a swallowing assessment because she has recently developed adventitious lung sounds. The patients nutritional needs should be met by what method?
- A. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
- B. Provision of a low-residue diet
- C. Semisolid food with thick liquids
- D. Minced foods and a fluid restriction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Semisolid foods with thick liquids are easier to swallow, reducing aspiration risk. TPN, low-residue diets, or fluid restrictions are not indicated.
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A family member of a patient diagnosed with Huntington disease calls you at the clinic. She is requesting help from the Huntingtons Disease Society of America. What kind of help can this patient and family receive from this organization? Select all that apply.
- A. Information about this disease
- B. Referrals
- C. Public education
- D. Individual assessments
- E. Appraisals of research studies
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The Huntington's Disease Society of America provides information, referrals, and public education. It does not offer individual assessments or research appraisals.
A patient who has been experiencing numerous episodes of unexplained headaches and vomiting has subsequently been referred for testing to rule out a brain tumor. What characteristic of the patients vomiting is most consistent with a brain tumor?
- A. The patients vomiting is accompanied by epistaxis.
- B. The patients vomiting does not relieve his nausea.
- C. The patients vomiting is unrelated to food intake.
- D. The patients emesis is blood-tinged.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Brain tumor-related vomiting is typically unrelated to food intake due to increased ICP. Epistaxis, blood-tinged emesis, or nausea relief are not characteristic.
A male patient with a metastatic brain tumor is having a generalized seizure and begins vomiting. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Perform oral suctioning.
- B. Page the physician.
- C. Insert a tongue depressor into the patients mouth.
- D. Turn the patient on his side.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Turning the patient on their side prevents aspiration of vomit during a seizure. Tongue depressors are contraindicated, and suctioning or paging the physician are secondary actions.
A patient with suspected Parkinsons disease is initially being assessed by the nurse. When is the best time to assess for the presence of a tremor?
- A. When the patient is resting
- B. When the patient is ambulating
- C. When the patient is preparing his or her meal tray to eat
- D. When the patient is participating in occupational therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parkinson's resting tremor is most evident when extremities are motionless, disappearing with purposeful movement. Assessment during rest is optimal.
The nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease has prepared a plan of care that would include what goal?
- A. Promoting effective communication
- B. Controlling diarrhea
- C. Preventing cognitive decline
- D. Managing choreiform movements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effective communication is a key goal in Parkinson's due to speech difficulties. Diarrhea and choreiform movements are not typical, and cognition is largely preserved.