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A patient with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of agitation, disorganized speech, and paranoia. Which medication is most likely to be prescribed for this patient?
- A. Clozapine
- B. Lithium
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Fluoxetine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic medication commonly used to treat acute psychotic symptoms, such as agitation and paranoia, in patients with schizophrenia.
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Nursing behaviors associated with the implementation phase of nursing process are concerned with
- A. participating in mutual identification of patient outcomes.
- B. gathering accurate and sufficient patient-centered data.
- C. comparing patient responses and expected outcomes.
- D. carrying out interventions and coordinating care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nursing behaviors relating to implementation include using available resources, performing interventions, finding alternatives when necessary, and coordinating care with other team members.
A patient is sitting alone, slouched, with eyes closed. The nurse approaches. Which statement is most likely to encourage the patient to talk?
- A. If you are sleepy, would you like me to help you back to your room?'
- B. You look like you are deep in thought.'
- C. Is something wrong?'
- D. Why are you sitting with your eyes closed?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Making an observation notes behavior neutrally, inviting response. A assumes, C probes abruptly, D demands explanation.
A nurse notices a patient sitting quietly alone, eyes downcast, and looking sad. The nurse says to the patient, 'You look like something is bothering you.' Which pattern of knowing did the nurse use to respond to the patient?
- A. Empirical knowing
- B. Personal knowing
- C. Ethical knowing
- D. Aesthetic knowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Personal knowing is obtained from life experience. An example would be a client's face shows the panic. Empirical knowing is obtained from the science of nursing. An example would be a client with panic disorder begins to have an attack. Panic attack will raise pulse rate. Ethical knowing is obtained from the moral knowledge of nursing. An example is although the nurse's shift has ended, she remains with the client. Aesthetic knowing is obtained from the art of nursing. Although the client shows outward signals now, the nurse has sensed previously the client's jumpiness and subtle differences in the client's demeanor and behavior.
The nurse has completed the psychosocial assessment. Which of the following is the best approach toward analysis of the data to identify nursing diagnoses and develop an appropriate plan of care?
- A. Focus on each piece of information obtained from the patient.
- B. Look for patterns reflected in the overall assessment.
- C. Consider only the abnormal findings in the assessment.
- D. Present all data obtained in the treatment team meeting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After completing the psychosocial assessment, the nurse analyzes all the data that he or she has collected. Data analysis involves thinking about the overall assessment rather than focusing on isolated bits of information. The nurse looks for patterns or themes in the data that lead to conclusions about the client's strengths and needs and to a particular nursing diagnosis. No one statement or behavior is adequate to reach such a conclusion.
A nurse leads a psychoeducational group for patients experiencing depression. The nurse plans to implement an exercise regime for each patient. The rationale to use when presenting this plan to the treatment team is that exercise
- A. has an antidepressant effect comparable to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
- B. prevents damage from overstimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
- C. detoxifies the body by removing metabolic wastes and other toxins.
- D. improves mood stability for patients with bipolar disorders.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: β-Endorphins produced during exercise result in improvement in mood and lowered anxiety. The other options are not accurate.