Nokea
A patient with testicular torsion is experiencing which abnormality?
- A. Abnormal dilation and tortuosity of the veins along the spermatic cord
- B. Twisting of the testicle and spermatic cord
- C. A cystic mass filled with sperm and seminal fluid in the epididymis
- D. An accumulation of fluid in the scrotum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Twisting of the testicle and spermatic cord. Testicular torsion is the twisting of the spermatic cord, leading to decreased blood flow to the testicle. This causes severe pain and swelling. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately describe the specific abnormality seen in testicular torsion. Choice A describes varicocele, choice C describes a spermatocele, and choice D describes hydrocele, which are different conditions altogether.
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Which of the following is a reason for providing early discharge instructions and making arrangements for home care for clients undergoing mastectomy?
- A. The adverse effects of mastectomy are immediate.
- B. The wound of the surgery is highly contagious and the client should exercise isolation precautions immediately after the procedure.
- C. Most clients are not hospitalized long
- D. The suicidal tendencies in women undergoing a mastectomy are high.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Short hospital stays are common, necessitating early discharge planning.
The shedding and bleeding of the decidua during menses is directly caused by low levels of _____.
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. sex steroids
- D. GnRH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The shedding and bleeding of the decidua during menses is directly caused by low levels of sex steroids. Sex steroids, specifically estrogen and progesterone, play a crucial role in maintaining the uterine lining. When levels of these hormones drop, it triggers the shedding of the decidua, leading to menstrual bleeding. FSH and LH are pituitary hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle but do not directly cause the shedding of the decidua. GnRH is a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the release of FSH and LH.
The seminal vesicle:
- A. is located above the prostate;
- B. is a pair organ;
- C. is located medially from the deferent ducts;
- D. has endocrine role, generating the seminal fluid;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the seminal vesicle is indeed a pair organ, meaning there are two of them in the male reproductive system. They are located posterior to the urinary bladder and are responsible for producing and secreting a significant portion of the seminal fluid.
Choice A is incorrect because the seminal vesicles are located behind the bladder, not above the prostate. Choice C is incorrect as the seminal vesicles are located laterally, not medially from the deferent ducts. Choice D is incorrect because the seminal vesicle is not an endocrine organ; it has an exocrine function in producing seminal fluid.
Which term includes the other terms?
- A. spermatozoa
- B. alkaline mucus
- C. semen
- D. fructose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: semen. Semen is the fluid that contains spermatozoa, alkaline mucus, and fructose. Spermatozoa are the male reproductive cells, alkaline mucus helps neutralize vaginal acidity, and fructose provides energy for sperm. Semen is the combination of these components, making it the term that encompasses all the other terms listed. A: spermatozoa is incorrect because it is just one component of semen. B: alkaline mucus is incorrect as it is a separate component in semen. D: fructose is incorrect because it is also just one component found in semen.
The female Bartholin glands correspond to the male _____.
- A. prostate
- B. Cowper's
- C. seminal vesicle
- D. glans
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The female Bartholin glands are homologous to the male Cowper's glands. Both glands secrete fluid to lubricate the reproductive tract during sexual arousal. The prostate gland (choice A) is not the correct answer as it is a different structure that produces seminal fluid. The seminal vesicles (choice C) secrete a significant portion of the seminal fluid but are not the male counterpart to the Bartholin glands. The glans (choice D) refers to the tip of the penis and is not the correct counterpart to the Bartholin glands. Therefore, the correct answer is B, Cowper's glands.