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A patients current antiretroviral regimen includes nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). What dietary counseling will the nurse provide based on the patients medication regimen?
- A. Avoid high-fat meals while taking this medication.
- B. Limit fluid intake to 2 liters a day.
- C. Limit sodium intake to 2 grams per day.
- D. Take this medication without regard to meals.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are a class of antiretroviral medications typically recommended to be taken without regard to meals. This means that these medications can be taken with or without food. It is important to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider regarding the timing of medication administration. Taking NRTIs without regard to meals helps ensure consistent absorption of the medication and can help maintain steady drug levels in the body. There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with NRTIs in terms of meal timing or composition.
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A patient with glaucoma has presented for a scheduled clinic visit and tells the nurse that she has begun taking an herbal remedy for her condition that was recommended by a work colleague. What instruction should the nurse provide to the patient?
- A. The patient should discuss this new remedy with her ophthalmologist promptly.
- B. The patient should monitor her IOP closely for the next several weeks.
- C. The patient should do further research on the herbal remedy.
- D. The patient should report any adverse effects to her pharmacist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to provide to the patient is that the patient should discuss this new herbal remedy with her ophthalmologist promptly. This is essential because herbal remedies can interact with prescription medications or affect the patient's eye condition. The ophthalmologist can provide guidance on the safety and effectiveness of the herbal remedy in relation to the patient's glaucoma treatment plan. It is crucial for healthcare providers to be aware of all treatments the patient is receiving to ensure coordinated and optimal care.
A patient has been discharged home after a total mastectomy without reconstruction. The patient lives alone and has a home health referral. When the home care nurse performs the first scheduled visit this patient, what should the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
- A. Adherence to the exercise plan
- B. Overall psychological functioning
- C. Integrity of surgical drains
- D. Understanding of cancer E) Use of the breast prosthesis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B. Overall psychological functioning: It is crucial for the home care nurse to assess the patient's overall psychological functioning after a total mastectomy without reconstruction. The patient may be experiencing emotional distress, body image disturbances, anxiety, or depression related to the surgery and changes in physical appearance. The nurse should evaluate the patient's coping mechanisms, emotional well-being, and any signs of psychological implications to provide appropriate support and referral for mental health services if needed.
A 35-year-old man is seen in the clinic because he is experiencing recurring episodes of urinary frequency, dysuria, and fever. The nurse should recognize the possibility of what health problem?
- A. Chronic bacterial prostatitis
- B. Orchitis
- C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- D. Urolithiasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of urinary frequency, dysuria, and fever in a 35-year-old man are indicative of chronic bacterial prostatitis. Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland, which can be caused by bacterial infection. Chronic bacterial prostatitis is characterized by recurrent episodes of infection leading to symptoms like urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, and sometimes fever. It is important to identify and treat chronic bacterial prostatitis promptly to prevent complications and improve quality of life for the patient.
A hospitalized patient with impaired vision must get a picture in his or her mind of the hospital room and its contents in order to mobilize independently and safely. What must the nurse monitor in the patients room?
- A. That a commode is always available at the bedside
- B. That all furniture remains in the same position
- C. That visitors do not leave items on the bedside table
- D. That the patients slippers stay under the bed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is crucial for the nurse to monitor that all furniture remains in the same position in the hospitalized patient's room. For a patient with impaired vision who needs to create a mental picture of the room to mobilize independently and safely, any changes in the position of furniture can disrupt this mental map and potentially lead to accidents or falls. By ensuring that all furniture remains unchanged, the nurse supports the patient's ability to navigate the room confidently and without obstacles. This monitoring helps promote the patient's safety and independence during their stay in the hospital.
A nurse is assessing population groups for therisk of suicide requiring medical attention. Which group should the nurse monitormostclosely?
- A. Young bisexuals
- B. Young caucasians
- C. Asian Americans
- D. African-Americans.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gay, lesbian, and bisexual young people have a significantly increased risk for depression, anxiety, suicide attempts, and substance use disorders. In particular, bisexual youth are at a higher risk than their straight peers for experiencing mental health issues and suicide attempts that require medical attention. Studies have shown that young bisexuals are four times more likely than their straight counterparts to make suicide attempts that necessitate medical intervention. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to closely monitor this population group for signs of suicidal behavior and provide the necessary support and interventions to prevent such tragedies.