Nokea
A patients medication regimen for the treatment of hypertension includes hydrochlorothiazide. Following administration of this medication, the nurse should anticipate what effect?
- A. Drowsiness or lethargy
- B. Increased urine output
- C. Decreased heart rate
- D. Mild agitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics lower BP by reducing circulating blood volume; this results in a short-term increase in urine output. These drugs do not cause bradycardia, agitation, or drowsiness.
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The nurse is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of hypertension. The nurse should consequently assess the patient for signs and symptoms of which other health problem?
- A. Migraines
- B. Atrial-septal defect
- C. Atherosclerosis
- D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertension is both a sign and a risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease. It is not associated with structural cardiac defects, low platelet levels, or migraines.
During an adult patients last two office visits, the nurse obtained BP readings of 122/84 mm Hg and 130/88 mm Hg, respectively. How would this patients BP be categorized?
- A. Normal
- B. Prehypertensive
- C. Stage 1 hypertensive
- D. Stage 2 hypertensive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prehypertension is defined systolic BP of 120 to 139 mm Hg or diastolic BP of 80 to 89 mm Hg.
A community health nurse is planning an educational campaign addressing hypertension. The nurse should anticipate that the incidence and prevalence of hypertension are likely to be highest among members of what ethnic group?
- A. Pacific Islanders
- B. African Americans
- C. Asian-Americans
- D. Hispanics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension varies by ethnicity, with Hispanics and African Americans having the highest prevalence at approximately 63% and 57%, respectively.
The nurse is teaching a patient about some of the health consequences of uncontrolled hypertension. What health problems should the nurse describe? Select all that apply.
- A. Transient ischemic attacks
- B. Cerebrovascular accident
- C. Retinal hemorrhage
- D. Venous insufficiency
- E. Right ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Potential complications of hypertension include the following: left ventricular hypertrophy; MI; heart failure; transient ischemic attacks (TIAs); cerebrovascular accident; renal insufficiency and failure; and retinal hemorrhage. Venous insufficiency and right ventricular hypertrophy are not potential complications of uncontrolled hypertension.
A patient has been diagnosed as being prehypertensive. What should the nurse encourage this patient to do to aid in preventing a progression to a hypertensive state?
- A. Avoid excessive potassium intake
- B. Exercise on a regular basis
- C. Eat less protein and more vegetables
- D. Limit morning activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To prevent or delay progression to hypertension and reduce risk, JNC 7 urged health care providers to encourage people with blood pressures in the prehypertension category to begin lifestyle modifications, such as nutritional changes and exercise. There is no need for patients to limit their activity in the morning or to avoid potassium and protein intake.