Nokea
A pediatric client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of diarrhea caused by an infection with salmonella. Which of the following most likely contributed to the child's illness?
- A. Brushing the family dog
- B. Playing with a turtle
- C. Taking a pony ride
- D. Feeding the family cat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Turtles are common carriers of Salmonella, which can be transmitted to children through handling, leading to gastrointestinal infection.
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Which client is at risk for opportunistic diseases such as pneumocystis pneumonia?
- A. The client with cancer who is being treated with chemotherapy
- B. The client with Type I diabetes
- C. The client with thyroid disease
- D. The client with Addison's disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemotherapy suppresses the immune system, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections like pneumocystis pneumonia.
A client is admitted with suspected pernicious anemia. Which findings support the diagnosis of pernicious anemia?
- A. The client complains of feeling tired and listless.
- B. The client has waxy, pale skin.
- C. The client exhibits loss of coordination and position sense.
- D. The client has a rapid pulse rate and a detectable heart murmur.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loss of coordination and position sense are neurological symptoms due to vitamin B12 deficiency in pernicious anemia.
Which of the following would be considered a sensible type of fluid loss?
- A. sweat
- B. respiratory excretions
- C. vomit
- D. water loss in feces
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sensible fluid loss is measurable, such as sweat or urine. Respiratory excretions, vomit, and fecal water loss are insensible (not easily measured).
A client is admitted to the labor and delivery unit in active labor. During examination, the nurse notes a papular lesion on the perineum. Which initial action is most appropriate?
- A. Document the finding
- B. Report the finding to the doctor
- C. Prepare the client for a C-section
- D. Continue primary care as prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A papular lesion on the perineum during labor could indicate an infectious process (e.g., herpes), so reporting it to the doctor is the most appropriate initial action.
When preparing a client for admission to the surgical suite, the nurse recognizes that which one of the following items is most important to remove before sending the client to surgery?
- A. Hearing aid
- B. Contact lenses
- C. Wedding ring
- D. Dentures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact lenses must be removed before surgery to prevent corneal damage or injury under anesthesia, especially if electrocautery is used, which could cause burns if foreign objects are present in the eyes.