Nokea
A person diagnosed with a serious mental illness (SMI) living in the community was punched, pushed to the ground, and robbed of 7 during the day on a public street. Which statements about violence and serious mental illness in general are accurate? Select one tha does not apply.
- A. Persons with SMI are more likely to be violent
- B. SMI persons experience higher rates of sexual assault and victimization than others
- C. Impaired judgment and social skills can provoke hostile or assaultive behavior
- D. Lower incomes force SMI persons to live in high-crime areas, increasing risk
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mentally ill persons are more likely to be victims of crime than perpetrators of criminal acts. They are often victims of criminal behavior, including sexual crimes, at a higher rate than others. When a mentally ill person commits a crime, it is usually nonviolent. Mental illnesses interfere with employment and are associated with poverty, limiting SMI persons to living in inexpensive areas that also tend to be higher-crime areas. SMI persons may inadvertently provoke others because of poor judgment or socially inappropriate behavior, or they may be victimized because they are perceived as passive, less likely to resist, and less likely to be believed as witnesses.
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A patient who takes lithium phones the nurse at the clinic to say, "I've had diarrhea for 4 days. I feel weak and unsteady when I walk. My usual hand tremor has gotten worse. What should I do?" Which instruction by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Have someone bring you to the clinic immediately.
- B. Restrict food and fluids for 24 hours and stay in bed.
- C. Drink a large glass of water with 1 teaspoon of salt added.
- D. Take antidiarrheal medication hourly until the diarrhea subsides.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Have someone bring you to the clinic immediately. The patient is experiencing symptoms of lithium toxicity, including diarrhea, weakness, unsteadiness, and worsening hand tremor. These symptoms indicate a potential lithium overdose, which can be life-threatening. Bringing the patient to the clinic immediately is crucial for assessment, monitoring, and intervention.
Choice B is incorrect because restricting food and fluids can worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Choice C is incorrect as adding salt to water can exacerbate electrolyte abnormalities in lithium toxicity. Choice D is incorrect as taking antidiarrheal medication can further worsen the symptoms and delay appropriate medical treatment.
A patient has recently been under significant stress and worked long hours. At home, the patient watches television and eats until going to bed. The patient is too tired to exercise and has gained 25 pounds in 1 month. A desired outcome for the patient is to recognize anxiety that precedes binge eating and reduce it. Which intervention addresses the outcome
- A. Teach stress-reduction techniques such as relaxation and imagery.
- B. Encourage the patient to design and implement an exercise program.
- C. Explore ways in which the patient may feel more in control of the environment.
- D. Encourage the patient to attend a support group such as Overeaters Anonymous.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Teach stress-reduction techniques such as relaxation and imagery. This intervention directly addresses the desired outcome of recognizing anxiety that precedes binge eating and reducing it. By teaching stress-reduction techniques, the patient can learn to identify triggers, manage stress, and reduce the likelihood of turning to binge eating. Relaxation and imagery can help the patient relax and focus on positive thoughts, thus breaking the cycle of stress-induced binge eating.
Option B is incorrect because while exercise is beneficial for overall health, it does not directly address recognizing and reducing anxiety that leads to binge eating. Option C is incorrect as feeling more in control of the environment may help, but it does not specifically target anxiety reduction related to binge eating. Option D is incorrect as attending a support group may be helpful for some aspects of recovery, but it does not focus on recognizing and reducing anxiety specifically.
Theories based on study of the brain and its activities are called:
- A. Social
- B. Biological
- C. Psychological
- D. Psychobiological
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Biological. Theories based on the brain and its activities fall under the field of biological psychology, which focuses on how biological factors influence behavior and mental processes. This includes studying brain structures, neural pathways, neurotransmitters, and their impact on behavior. Social (A) theories focus on interactions between individuals, Psychological (C) theories relate to mental processes and behavior, and Psychobiological (D) is a term that could be used interchangeably with Biological but is less commonly used. Hence, the most specific and appropriate term for theories related to the brain is Biological.
Bacteria, such as E. Coli, in our water can come from
- A. Factory run-off
- B. Car exhaust
- C. Human and animal feces
- D. Littering
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: E. Coli primarily originates from fecal contamination by humans or animals, making it a common water pollutant.
The nurse is assessing a client who will be having an orthopedic surgery. The client takes an antipsychotic medication and shares that he has recently started using two herbal preparations for his nerves. The nurse should:
- A. Ask for the specific names of the herbal compounds
- B. Go on to another interview question since herbal compounds are not important
- C. Tell him to stop using the herbal preparations because they are not effective
- D. Explain that his physician will not be happy with his self-prescribing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Asking for the specific names of the herbal compounds is important to assess potential interactions with the antipsychotic medication.
B: Ignoring the herbal compounds could lead to adverse effects or interactions during surgery.
C: Telling him to stop may not be appropriate without knowing the specific compounds and their effects.
D: Discussing the physician's viewpoint is not as crucial as gathering information on potential interactions.