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A physician is monitoring intravenous fluids for someone who is currently being treated for metabolic acidosis. The physician monitors his signs and symptoms typical of metabolic acidosis which include:
- A. Elevated blood pressure,bradycardia,elevated respiratory rate and muscle twitching.
- B. Hypotension altered heart rate elevated respiratory rate and muscle weakness.
- C. Hypertension tachycardia slowed respiratory rate and muscle spasms.
- D. Hypotension hypoxia irritability and paresthesia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Hypotension, altered heart rate, elevated respiratory rate, and muscle weakness (B). Metabolic acidosis causes the body to compensate by increasing respiratory rate to blow off CO2, leading to hyperventilation. Other symptoms include hypotension, altered heart rate, and muscle weakness due to electrolyte imbalances.
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Describe the purpose and side effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Decreased oxygen supply
- D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.
When admitting a client with active tuberculosis to a room on a medical-surgical unit, which of the following room assignments should the nurse make?
- A. A room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment
- B. A room with another nonsurgical client
- C. A room in the ICU
- D. A room that is within view of the nurses' station
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment. This is to prevent the spread of tuberculosis to other patients and healthcare workers. Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, so proper ventilation is crucial. Choice B is incorrect as placing the client with another nonsurgical client may increase the risk of transmission. Choice C is not ideal as the ICU may have other vulnerable patients. Choice D is also incorrect as the proximity to the nurses' station does not address the need for proper ventilation to prevent the spread of tuberculosis.
What should a client with seasonal affective disorder be taught upon discharge?
- A. Use heavy drapes rather than translucent curtains or shades
- B. Jog after sundown and before sunup
- C. Avoid the use of eyeglasses or contact lenses that are coated to shield ultraviolet radiation
- D. Take brief walks outside around midnight without sunglasses
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maximizing exposure to natural light helps alleviate symptoms of seasonal affective disorder.
Symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy include:
- A. Hematuria, pelvic pain, and dizziness
- B. Amenorrhea, pelvic pain, and vaginal spotting
- C. Constipation, nausea, and fainting
- D. Fallopian pain, nausea, and breast enlargement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ectopic pregnancies often present with amenorrhea, pelvic pain, and vaginal spotting due to the abnormal implantation site.
Describe the differences in action of SSRIs, SNRIs, and atypical antidepressants.
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Decreased oxygen supply
- D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.