Nokea
A physician orders a serum creatinine for a hospitalized client. The nurse should explain to the client and his family that this test:
- A. is normal if the level is 4.0 to 5.5 mg/dl.
- B. can be elevated with increased protein intake.
- C. is a better indicator of renal function than the BUN.
- D. reflects the fluid volume status of a person.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A serum creatinine level should be 0.7 to 1.5 mg/dl, and it does not vary with increased protein intake, so it is a better indicator of renal function than the BUN, which can be affected by diet and hydration status.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse completes teaching the client who has PD about taking benztropine. Which statements made by the client indicate that teaching is effective? Select all that apply.
- A. I plan to crush the tablets so that they are easier to swallow.
- B. I should refrain from taking over-the-counter medications.
- C. Once my symptoms improve, I can stop taking benztropine.
- D. Benztropine can cause drooling and excessive secretions.
- E. I should avoid driving until I know how benztropine affects me.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A: Benztropine (Cogentin) may be crushed; this statement indicates teaching is effective. B: Many OTC medications contain alcohol. Alcohol should be avoided because it is another CNS depressant, and additive drowsiness can occur. This statement indicates teaching is effective. C: Benztropine should not be abruptly discontinued; symptoms will recur, and it may precipitate parkinsonian crisis. D: Benztropine is an anticholinergic that will cause a dry mouth, not drooling and increased secretions. E: Because benztropine (Cogentin) is a CNS depressant, driving should be avoided until the effects of the medication are known. This statement indicates teaching is effective.
The nurse is initiating an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's (LR) for the client in shock. What is the purpose of LR for this client?
- A. Increase fluid volume and urinary output
- B. Draw water from the cells into the blood vessels
- C. Provide dextrose and nutrients to prevent cellular death
- D. Replace potassium and magnesium for cardiac stabilization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: LR is an isotonic crystalloid solution containing multiple electrolytes in approximately the same concentration as plasma. It enters the cells from the blood, provides fluids, and increases urinary output. B: A hypertonic solution draws fluid from the cells into the vascular compartment; LR is isotonic. C: LR alone does not contain dextrose. Formulations with dextrose are available. D: Magnesium is not a component of LR.
The 9-year-old with SLE is receiving large doses of prednisolone. Which laboratory finding should the nurse recognize as an untoward effect of the medication?
- A. Total bilirubin of 4 mg/dL
- B. WBC count of 18,000/mm3
- C. Serum sodium of 130 mEq/L
- D. Random glucose of 130 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: The liver is not affected by prednisolone use, so an increased total bilirubin of 4 mg/dL is not related to the use of the drug. Normal total bilirubin in a 9-year-old should be less than 2 mg/dL. B: A WBC count of 18,000/mm3 may indicate an infection, an untoward effect of prednisolone (Omnipred). Prednisolone, a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation, may increase the risk of infection. The normal WBC in a 9-year-old is 4500-11,100/mm3. C: Prednisolone has been associated with the adverse effect of hypokalemia, but not hyponatremia. Normal serum sodium is 135-145 mEq/L. D: Although corticosteroids may have the effect of increasing blood glucose, a random glucose of 130 mg/dL is not abnormal.
Which of the following is true when administering a nasal spray medication?
- A. The client should blow their nose gently before the medication is administered.
- B. The medication should be sprayed in front of the nose.
- C. The medication should be administered as the patient exhales.
- D. The client should lay flat when the medication is administered.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client should blow their nose gently before the medication is administered. This is to clear the nasal passages to allow the medication to be properly administered. When administering the medication, the client should sit upright, insert the applicator into the designated nostril, and spray the medication as the patient inhales.
The nurse is assessing the client who has begun therapy with duloxetine. Which assessment parameter should be the nurse's priority?
- A. Relief of neuropathic pain
- B. Increase in anxiety or irritability
- C. Liver function test (LFT) results
- D. Experiencing suicidal ideations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Duloxetine (Cymbalta) is a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SSNRI) used in the treatment of major depression. Suicidal ideation is the most acute threat to life and should be assessed, especially when initiating duloxetine.