Nokea
A postmenopausal client with an intact uterus asks the nurse why her hormone medicine has two drugs, estrogen and progesterone. Which of the following statements by the nurse provides the client with accurate information?
- A. The progesterone will help prevent cervical cancer
- B. The progesterone will help prevent breast cancer
- C. The progesterone will help prevent liver disease
- D. The progesterone will help prevent endometrial cancer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Progesterone in hormone replacement therapy is used to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in women with an intact uterus. It does not primarily prevent cervical, breast, or liver disease.
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A postoperative client is prescribed incentive spirometry. What is the primary purpose of this intervention?
- A. Prevent atelectasis.
- B. Reduce incisional pain.
- C. Improve circulation.
- D. Promote wound healing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing to expand alveoli, preventing atelectasis after surgery.
A client with a history of multiple sclerosis is prescribed interferon beta-1a (Avonex). The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following side effects immediately?
- A. Flu-like symptoms.
- B. Depression.
- C. Fatigue.
- D. Injection site redness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Depression is a serious side effect of interferon beta-1a, requiring immediate reporting due to the risk of worsening mental health.
The nurse is informed that a newborn infant with Apgar scores of 1 and 4 will be brought to the nursery. The nurse determines that which intervention is the priority?
- A. Connecting the resuscitation bag to oxygen
- B. Turning on the apnea and cardiorespiratory monitor
- C. Preparing for the insertion of an intravenous (IV) line with D5W
- D. Setting up the radiant warmer control temperature at 36.5°C (97.6°F)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The top priority action for a newborn infant with low Apgar scores is maintaining a patent airway, which would involve preparing respiratory resuscitation equipment. Although the remaining options are also important, they are of lower priority. The newborn infant's cardiopulmonary status would be monitored by a cardiorespiratory monitoring device. Setting up an IV with D5W would provide circulatory support. The radiant warmer will provide an external heat source, which is necessary to prevent further respiratory distress.
The primary health care provider prescribes 650 mg of an antibiotic to be administered intravenously every 6 hours. The medication label reads as follows: reconstitute with 4.8 mL of bacteriostatic water to yield 2 g in 5 mL. How many mL should the nurse withdraw from the vial for 1 dose? Fill in the blank. Record the answer using 1 decimal place.
Correct Answer: 1.6 mL
Rationale: Convert 2 g to mg and then use the formula for calculating medication doses. In the metric system, to convert larger to smaller, multiply by 1000 or move the decimal 3 places to the right. Therefore, 2 g = 2000 mg. Formula: Desired / Available x Available Volume = 650 mg / 2000 mg x 5 mL = 1.625 mL = 1.6 mL.
A client with a history of gout is admitted with joint swelling. The nurse should include which of the following in the plan of care?
- A. Apply warm compresses to affected joints.
- B. Encourage a high-purine diet.
- C. Administer indomethacin as prescribed.
- D. Restrict fluid intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Indomethacin reduces inflammation and pain in acute gout attacks.