Nokea
A postoperative 68-year-old opioid-naive patient is receiving morphine by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for postoperative pain. What is the rationale for not initiating the PCA analgesic with a basal dose of analgesic as well?
- A. Opioid overdose
- B. Nausea and itching
- C. Adverse respiratory outcomes
- D. Lack of pain control
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Basal doses increase the risk of adverse respiratory outcomes.
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What activity would be most difficult for Mr. Singer to modify?
- A. Cover mouth when coughing and sneezing
- B. Take the prescribed medication with meals
- C. Wear the Medic Alert bracelet
- D. Keep the stoma covered
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stoma care is essential to prevent infection and ensure proper breathing.
Which is a maladaptive coping mechanism for a client with stress?
- A. Anger
- B. Hardiness
- C. Alcohol
- D. Self mutilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Substance abuse, such as alcohol, is a common maladaptive coping mechanism that can exacerbate stress and lead to further health issues.
A client reports a headache and vertigo after turning on his furnace for the first time this season. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions?
- A. Carbon monoxide poisoning
- B. Heat stroke
- C. Hypersensitivity reaction
- D. Oxygen toxicity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Carbon monoxide poisoning. When the furnace is turned on for the first time, it may release carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas that can cause headaches and vertigo. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to symptoms. Heat stroke (B) is caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Hypersensitivity reactions (C) involve the immune system's response to an allergen. Oxygen toxicity (D) occurs with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen.
List the order for the actions that you must perform.
- A. Perform the chin lift or jaw thrust maneuver
- B. Establish unresponsiveness
- C. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
- D. Call for help and activate the code team
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Establishing unresponsiveness is the first step in assessing the patient's condition.
When the nurse prepares to administer a preoperative medication to a patient, the patient tells the nurse that she really does not understand what the surgeon plans to do. What action should be taken by the nurse? What criterion of informed consent has not been met in this situation?
- A. Inform the surgeon immediately.
- B. Document the patient's statement.
- C. Administer the medication as ordered.
- D. Delay medication until the surgeon clarifies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informed consent requires that the patient understands the procedure, which hasn't been met here.