Nokea
A postpartum client admits to alcohol use throughout the pregnancy. Which of the following newborn findings suggests to the nurse that the infant has fetal alcohol syndrome?
- A. Growth retardation is evident
- B. Multiple anomalies are identified
- C. Cranial facial abnormalities are noted
- D. Prune belly syndrome is suspected
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cranial facial abnormalities are noted. Characteristic facial abnormalities are seen in the newborn with fetal alcohol syndrome.
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The nursing team consists of one RN, two LPNs/LVNs, and three nursing assistants. The RN should care for which of the following patients?
- A. A patient with a chest tube who is ambulating in the hall.
- B. A patient with a colostomy who requires assistance with an irrigation.
- C. A patient with a right-sided cerebral vascular accident (CVA) who requires assistance with bathing.
- D. A patient who is refusing medication to treat cancer of the colon.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: requires assessment skills of the RN
A client is receiving heparin via continuous IV infusion for management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is 1.5 times greater than normal.
Which of the following actions by the nurse is MOST appropriate?
- A. Discontinue the heparin infusion.
- B. Slow down the heparin infusion.
- C. Check the prothrombin time (PT) results.
- D. Continue to monitor the client.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Strategy: Answers are a mix of assessments and implementations. Does this situation require validation? No. Determine the outcome of each answer. (1) no reason to discontinue or slow the infusion because the PTT is within a therapeutic range (2) no reason to discontinue or slow the infusion because the PTT is within a therapeutic range (3) prothrombin time (PT) Test is useful for assessing warfarin (Coumadin) therapy (4) correct-expected result of heparin therapy is a prolonged PTT of 1.5 times the control, without signs of hemorrhage
A client has been transferred from a nursing home to the hospital with an indwelling urinary catheter. The urine is cloudy and foul-smelling.
Which of the following nursing measures would be MOST appropriate?
- A. Clean the urinary meatus every other day.
- B. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
- C. Empty the drainage bag every 2-4 hours.
- D. Irrigate the Foley catheter every 8 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Strategy: All answers are implementations. Determine the outcome of each answer choice. Is it desired? (1) does not address the problem of the client's urine, should not be performed (2) correct-increasing intake of fluids is an appropriate independent nursing action that facilitates removal of concentrated urine (3) does not address the problem of the client's urine, should not be performed (4) could increase the chance of developing an infection
The nurse is caring for a 14 month-old just diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The parents state this is the first child in either family with this disease, and ask about the risk to future children. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. 1 in 4 chance for each child to carry that trait
- B. 1 in 4 risk for each child to have the disease
- C. 1 in 2 chance of avoiding the trait and disease
- D. 1 in 2 chance that each child will have the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1 in 4 risk for each child to have the disease. Cystic fibrosis is autosomal recessive, with a 25% chance of the disease per pregnancy if both parents are carriers.
A baby girl is born with a meningomyelocele. To prevent trauma to the sac, the nurse should place the infant:
- A. Supine and flat
- B. Prone with the hips slightly elevated
- C. Prone with the head slightly elevated
- D. Side lying
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the infant prone with hips slightly elevated protects the meningomyelocele sac from trauma and pressure.