Fnp Pediatric Practice Questions

Fnp Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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A postpartum client who delivered a healthy newborn is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding would indicate a complication during the early postpartum period?

  • A. Moderate lochia rubra
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Elevated blood pressure
  • D. Uterine contraction
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An elevated blood pressure in the postpartum period may indicate the onset of preeclampsia, a serious complication that requires immediate medical attention. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and sometimes swelling in the hands and face. If left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to closely monitor blood pressure levels in postpartum clients to promptly address any signs of preeclampsia. Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of a complication during the early postpartum period. Moderate lochia rubra is a normal finding as it indicates the normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterus after childbirth. Bradycardia, a slow heart rate, is not typically a concern in the absence of other symptoms or signs of distress. Uterine contractions are essential for involution and are expected in the postpartum period.

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Before drying off the newborn after birth, which assessment finding should the healthcare professional document to ensure an accurate gestational rating on the Ballard gestational assessment tool?

  • A. Amount and area of vernix coverage
  • B. Creases on the sole
  • C. Size of the areola
  • D. Body surface temperature
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To ensure an accurate gestational rating on the Ballard gestational assessment tool, healthcare professionals should document the amount and area of vernix coverage before drying the newborn. Drying the baby after birth could disturb the vernix, potentially affecting the gestational age assessment. Assessing and documenting the vernix coverage beforehand enables a more precise evaluation using the Ballard gestational assessment tool. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to gestational rating on the Ballard assessment tool.

Non-pharmacological techniques can help lower blood pressure. Which of the following is not considered one of these types of techniques?

  • A. Dietary changes
  • B. Multivitamins
  • C. Smoking cessation
  • D. Limiting caffeine
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Multivitamins are not typically considered a non-pharmacological technique for lowering blood pressure. While dietary changes, smoking cessation, and limiting caffeine intake can positively impact blood pressure levels, multivitamins are generally not specifically recommended as a primary intervention for this purpose. Dietary changes can include reducing salt intake and increasing potassium-rich foods, which are known to help manage blood pressure. Smoking cessation is crucial due to the negative impact of smoking on blood pressure and overall cardiovascular health. Limiting caffeine intake is advised as excessive caffeine consumption can lead to a temporary increase in blood pressure. Therefore, focusing on lifestyle modifications like healthy eating, smoking cessation, and caffeine reduction is more effective in managing blood pressure than relying on multivitamins.

A new mother expresses concern about her baby's frequent hiccups. What should the nurse explain about newborn hiccups?

  • A. Hiccups are a sign of respiratory distress in newborns.
  • B. Hiccups indicate the baby is overeating.
  • C. Hiccups are common and usually harmless in newborns.
  • D. Hiccups are caused by a lack of burping.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Newborn hiccups are common and usually harmless. They are typically caused by the baby's immature diaphragm and tend to resolve on their own. It is essential for parents to understand that hiccups in newborns are a normal phenomenon and do not necessarily indicate any underlying health issue. Choice A is incorrect because hiccups are not a sign of respiratory distress in newborns. Choice B is incorrect as hiccups do not indicate the baby is overeating. Choice D is also incorrect as hiccups are not solely caused by a lack of burping.

What characteristic indicates that a mass on a newborn's head is a cephalohematoma?

  • A. The mass appears on the second day after birth.
  • B. The mass grows larger when the newborn cries.
  • C. The head appears asymmetrical.
  • D. The mass is located on only one side of the head.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A cephalohematoma typically appears between the first and second days after birth, making choice A the correct answer. It results from blood vessel rupture between a cranial bone and the periosteal membrane. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the growth of the mass when the newborn cries, asymmetrical head appearance, or the mass being located on only one side of the head are not specific indicators of a cephalohematoma.

Warning signs that indicate dehydration include all EXCEPT:

  • A. Poor skin turgor
  • B. Increased urine output
  • C. Tachycardia
  • D. Eager to drink
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increased urine output is not a warning sign of dehydration; it typically decreases with dehydration. Dehydration often presents with poor skin turgor, tachycardia, and an increased sensation of thirst (eager to drink) as the body tries to compensate for fluid loss. Choices A, C, and D are all correct warning signs of dehydration. Poor skin turgor is a result of decreased skin elasticity due to fluid loss. Tachycardia, an elevated heart rate, can be a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output in dehydration. Feeling eager to drink is a common symptom of dehydration as the body attempts to restore fluid balance.

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