Nokea
A pregnant client, age 32, asks the nurse why her doctor has recommended a serum alpha fetoprotein. The nurse should explain that the doctor has recommended the test:
- A. Because it is a state law
- B. To detect cardiovascular defects
- C. Because of her age
- D. To detect neurological defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum alpha fetoprotein screening detects neural tube defects, such as spina bifida.
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The nurse has documented a treatment on the wrong client's record. Which of the following methods of indicating the error is correct?
- A. The nurse draws a straight line through the incorrect entry and writes 'error' above it and initials the correction.
- B. The nurse uses correction fluid to cover the incorrect entry.
- C. The nurse draws multiple lines through the incorrect entry so it is unreadable, writes 'error' above it, and initials the correction.
- D. The nurse leaves the incorrect entry in place, writes 'error' in the margin, and initials and dates the notation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A single line through the error with 'error' written above and initialed (A) maintains transparency while correcting the record. Correction fluid (B) is unacceptable, multiple lines (C) obscure the record, and margin notes (D) are insufficient.
The nurse is caring for a group of clients in an alcohol rehabilitation facility. A local news station is doing a story on addiction, and a representative comes to the facility, asking to interview a client. A client agrees to appear in the story, and the crew films an interview in the dayroom, showing a glimpse of other clients. Which violation has the nurse committed?
- A. allowing clients in a substance abuse facility to be interviewed by the media
- B. violating the HIPAA need to know rule
- C. releasing information about a minor without parental consent
- D. There is no violation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse violated HIPAA by allowing the filming of other clients without their consent, as this discloses protected health information (PHI) without authorization.
The nurse is caring for a client with depression over the recent death of her father from cancer. The client states, 'It's my fault. I should have insisted he get regular checkups instead of letting him put it off.' The nurse responds, 'You feel like it's your fault?' Which therapeutic communication technique is the nurse using?
- A. exploring
- B. reflecting
- C. restating
- D. focusing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reflecting mirrors the client’s feelings, encouraging further expression and exploration of emotions.
The nurse is caring for a client with dementia who has pulled out three peripheral IVs. Which intervention by the nurse is the best way to manage this client?
- A. place the client in restraints or mitts
- B. tell the family that they need to stay with the client
- C. replace the IV and wrap it in gauze to hide it from view
- D. tell the client that if she pulls another IV out, she will have to have a PICC line placed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wrapping the IV in gauze hides it from view, reducing the likelihood of the client pulling it out, while being less invasive than restraints or threats.
The client is admitted to the ER with multiple rib fractures on the right. The nurse's assessment reveals that an area over the right clavicle is puffy and that there is a 'crackling' noise with palpation. The nurse should further assess the client for which of the following problems?
- A. Flail chest
- B. Subcutaneous emphysema
- C. Infiltrated subclavian IV
- D. Pneumothorax
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 'puffy' area and 'crackling' noise (crepitus) with palpation are classic signs of subcutaneous emphysema, where air is trapped under the skin, often due to a pneumothorax or rib fractures allowing air to escape into subcutaneous tissue.