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A pregnant patient at 24 weeks gestation is diagnosed with gestational diabetes. What should the nurse emphasize in the patient's care plan?
- A. Maintaining a balanced diet and monitoring blood glucose levels regularly.
- B. Limiting physical activity to prevent glucose spikes.
- C. Taking insulin injections throughout the day to manage blood sugar.
- D. Avoiding all carbohydrates to control blood sugar levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because maintaining a balanced diet and monitoring blood glucose levels regularly are essential in managing gestational diabetes. A balanced diet helps regulate blood sugar levels, and monitoring glucose levels helps track responses to dietary choices. Choice B is incorrect as physical activity is beneficial for managing blood sugar. Choice C is unnecessary for gestational diabetes unless dietary and lifestyle modifications are insufficient. Choice D is incorrect as carbohydrates are still needed for energy but should be consumed in moderation with monitoring.
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A 16-year-old, G1 P0000, is being seen at her 10-week gestation visit. She tells the nurse that she felt the baby move that morning. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. That is very exciting. The baby must be very healthy.
- B. Would you please describe what you felt for me?
- C. That is impossible. The baby is not big enough yet.
- D. Would you please let me see if I can feel the baby?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At 10 weeks, fetal movement is unlikely to be felt. The nurse should ask the client to describe what she felt to determine if it was indeed fetal movement or another sensation.
A pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation reports lower back pain and difficulty sleeping. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?
- A. Rest in bed with your legs elevated to reduce back pain.
- B. Use a firm mattress and avoid sleeping on your back.
- C. Take over-the-counter pain medications as prescribed to alleviate pain.
- D. Perform light stretching exercises before bed to relieve discomfort.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Using a firm mattress and avoiding sleeping on the back is the most appropriate recommendation for a pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation experiencing lower back pain. Here's why:
1. Firm mattress provides better support for the back and helps maintain proper spinal alignment during sleep.
2. Avoiding sleeping on the back reduces pressure on the major blood vessels, preventing potential complications like supine hypotensive syndrome.
3. Resting in bed with legs elevated (choice A) may not address the root cause of back pain and may not be recommended for extended periods during pregnancy.
4. Taking over-the-counter pain medications (choice C) should be avoided unless prescribed by a healthcare provider due to potential risks to the fetus.
5. Performing light stretching exercises (choice D) can be beneficial, but avoiding certain positions like lying on the back is more crucial for back pain relief during pregnancy.
Which client consumed the most dairy servings in one day?
- A. Client 1
- B. Client 2
- C. Client 3
- D. Client 4
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Client 2 consumed the highest number of dairy servings based on the provided quantities of yogurt, milk, cottage cheese, and hard cheese.
A pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation reports feeling dizzy when standing. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
- A. Lie down flat on your back to restore blood flow.
- B. Rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to avoid dizziness.
- C. Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
- D. Avoid physical activity to prevent further dizziness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to avoid dizziness. This recommendation is appropriate because pregnant patients often experience dizziness due to changes in blood pressure and circulation. Rising slowly helps prevent sudden drops in blood pressure, which can lead to dizziness. Lying flat on the back can worsen dizziness by reducing blood flow to the brain. Increasing fluid intake is generally recommended during pregnancy but may not directly address the issue of dizziness. Avoiding physical activity entirely is not necessary and may not address the underlying cause of the dizziness.
A third-trimester client is being seen for routine prenatal care.
- A. Blood glucose.
- B. Blood pressure.
- C. Fetal heart rate.
- D. Urine protein.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Routine assessments in the third trimester include monitoring blood glucose, blood pressure, fetal heart rate, and urine protein to ensure maternal and fetal health.