Maternal Monitoring During Labor

Maternal Monitoring During Labor Related

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A pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation reports persistent nausea and vomiting. What is the nurse's priority action?

  • A. Instruct the patient to take over-the-counter anti-nausea medication.
  • B. Monitor the patient's hydration status and assess for signs of dehydration.
  • C. Encourage the patient to eat large meals more frequently to prevent nausea.
  • D. Recommend the patient avoid drinking fluids to prevent further vomiting.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the patient's hydration status and assess for signs of dehydration. This is the priority action because nausea and vomiting during pregnancy can lead to dehydration, which can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby. By monitoring the patient's hydration status and assessing for signs of dehydration, the nurse can ensure early intervention if dehydration occurs.

Incorrect choices:
A: Instruct the patient to take over-the-counter anti-nausea medication - This is not the priority as dehydration needs to be addressed first.
C: Encourage the patient to eat large meals more frequently to prevent nausea - This may exacerbate the nausea and vomiting, leading to further dehydration.
D: Recommend the patient avoid drinking fluids to prevent further vomiting - Dehydration can worsen if the patient avoids fluids.

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The nurse is providing education to a pregnant patient who is experiencing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?

  • A. Increase fluid intake with large amounts of water at once.
  • B. Eat small, frequent meals and avoid greasy foods.
  • C. Take over-the-counter anti-nausea medications without consulting a doctor.
  • D. Lie flat on your back immediately after eating to prevent reflux.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because eating small, frequent meals and avoiding greasy foods can help manage nausea and vomiting during pregnancy by preventing the stomach from becoming too full or empty. Large amounts of water at once (choice A) can worsen nausea. Taking anti-nausea medications without consulting a doctor (choice C) can be unsafe during pregnancy. Lying flat on your back after eating (choice D) can increase the risk of acid reflux.

The nurse asks a 31-week gestation client to lie on the examining table during a prenatal examination.

  • A. Orthopneic.
  • B. Lateral-recumbent.
  • C. Sims'.
  • D. Semi-Fowler’s.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The lateral-recumbent position reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava and is safer for pregnant women compared to other positions.

The clinic nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly pregnant patient. Which is an indication for fetal diagnostic procedures if present in the health history?

  • A. Maternal diabetes
  • B. Weight gain of 25 lb
  • C. Maternal age older than 30 years
  • D. Previous infant weighing more than 3000 g at birth
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maternal diabetes is a risk factor in pregnancy due to possible impairment of placental perfusion, necessitating fetal diagnostic procedures.

A laboring person requests an epidural for pain relief. What is the nurse's priority action before the procedure?

  • A. administer a test dose of anesthesia
  • B. ensure informed consent is obtained
  • C. administer IV fluids
  • D. ensure continuous fetal monitoring
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: administer a test dose of anesthesia. Before administering an epidural, it is crucial to perform a test dose to assess the person's response and ensure correct placement of the catheter. This step helps prevent potential complications such as unintentional intravascular injection.

Summary:
B: Ensuring informed consent is important but not the priority before administering the test dose.
C: Administering IV fluids is important for hydration but not the immediate priority before the test dose.
D: Continuous fetal monitoring is essential during labor, but it is not the priority before administering the test dose of anesthesia.

What is the purpose of administering magnesium sulfate during preterm labor?

  • A. to relax the uterus and prevent contractions
  • B. to improve fetal oxygenation and reduce uterine activity
  • C. to reduce the risk of seizures and cerebral hemorrhage
  • D. to decrease blood pressure and reduce fetal stress
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: to reduce the risk of seizures and cerebral hemorrhage. Magnesium sulfate is used during preterm labor to prevent and treat seizures in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia. It acts as a neuroprotective agent by preventing cerebral vasoconstriction and reducing the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. The other choices are incorrect because magnesium sulfate does not primarily relax the uterus to prevent contractions (A), improve fetal oxygenation (B), or decrease blood pressure (D) during preterm labor.

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