Nokea
A pregnant patient's diet may not meet her need for folate. Which food choice is an excellent source of this nutrient?
- A. Chicken
- B. Cheese
- C. Potatoes
- D. Green leafy vegetables
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Green leafy vegetables. Green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale, and broccoli are excellent sources of folate, a crucial nutrient for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus. These vegetables are rich in natural folate, making them an ideal choice for meeting the increased folate requirements during pregnancy. Chicken (A), cheese (B), and potatoes (C) do not contain as high levels of folate as green leafy vegetables, making them less optimal choices for ensuring adequate intake of this essential nutrient during pregnancy.
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A client at 38-weeks gestation is admitted to the labor and delivery unit with mild contractions every 5 minutes. The client's cervix is dilated 2 cm, 50% effaced, and the fetus is at 0 station. The client's membranes rupture spontaneously, and the fluid is clear. What action should the nurse take next?
- A. Monitor the fetal heart rate pattern.
- B. Perform a vaginal examination.
- C. Encourage the client to ambulate.
- D. Administer pain medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring the fetal heart rate pattern after membrane rupture is essential to detect any changes in fetal status.
A pregnant client with mitral stenosis Class III is prescribed complete bedrest. The client asks the nurse, 'Why must I stay in bed all the time?' Which response is best for the nurse to provide this client?
- A. Complete bedrest decreases oxygen needs and demands on the heart muscle tissue.
- B. You have a small opening in your heart and complete bedrest will help it get bigger.
- C. We want your baby to be healthy, and this is the only way we can make sure that will happen.
- D. Labor is difficult, and you need to save your energy so you will be strong enough then.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Complete bedrest decreases oxygen needs and demands on the heart muscle tissue, which is crucial for clients with mitral stenosis.
The nurse's assessment of a preterm infant reveals decreased muscle tone, signs of respiratory difficulty, irritability, and mottled, cool skin. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Position radiant warmer over the crib
- B. Assess the infants blood glucose level
- C. Nipple feed 1 ounce 1% glucose in water
- D. Place the infant in side-lying position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A radiant warmer (A) helps stabilize the infant's temperature and provides immediate warmth.
A pregnant patient asks the nurse if she can double her prenatal vitamin dose because she does not like to eat vegetables. What is the nurse's response regarding the danger of taking excessive vitamins?
- A. Increases caloric intake
- B. Has toxic effects on the fetus
- C. Increases absorption of all vitamins
- D. Promotes development of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Has toxic effects on the fetus. Doubling prenatal vitamin dose can lead to excessive intake of certain vitamins like Vitamin A, which can be harmful to the fetus. Excessive vitamins can cause toxicity and harm the developing baby. Other choices are incorrect: A is irrelevant, C is misleading, and D is not related to excessive vitamin intake.
The nurse is meeting with a patient with an elevated BMI regarding an optimal diet for pregnancy. Which major source of nutrients should be a significant component of this patient's diet?
- A. Fats
- B. Fiber
- C. Simple sugars
- D. Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Complex carbohydrates. During pregnancy, complex carbohydrates provide essential energy, fiber, vitamins, and minerals for both the mother and the developing baby. They help regulate blood sugar levels and provide sustained energy. Fats, although important, should be consumed in moderation. Fiber is crucial for digestive health but is not the major source of nutrients during pregnancy. Simple sugars should be limited as they provide empty calories and can lead to blood sugar spikes. Therefore, complex carbohydrates are the optimal choice for this patient's diet during pregnancy.