Nokea
A pregnant woman comes to the clinic stating that she has been exposed to hepatitis B. She is afraid that her infant will also contract hepatitis B. What will the nurse explain to this woman?
- A. The infant will be given a single dose of hepatitis immune globulin after birth.
- B. The infant will be able to use the antibodies from the immunizations given to the patient before delivery.
- C. The infant will not have hepatitis B because the virus does not pass through the placental barrier.
- D. The infant will be immune to hepatitis B because of the mother's infection.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The infant will be given immune globulin immediately after birth for temporary immunity followed by hepatitis B vaccine. Immunization is not recommended for women who are pregnant.
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What will the nurse begin with when asking a patient about drug use during a prenatal history?
- A. Do you smoke, drink alcohol, or use drugs?'
- B. Do you ever use prescription or street drugs?'
- C. What over-the-counter and prescription drugs have you taken in the past 3 months?'
- D. We need to know if you take drugs so we can help your baby.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Screening for drug use should begin in a nonthreatening way by asking about prescription and OTC medications and how the information can help provide safe and appropriate prenatal care.
A pregnant patient tells the nurse that she has been nauseated and vomiting. How will the nurse explain that hyperemesis gravidarum is distinguished from morning sickness?
- A. Hyperemesis gravidarum usually lasts for the duration of the pregnancy.
- B. Hyperemesis gravidarum causes dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
- C. Sensitivity to smells is usually the cause of vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum.
- D. The woman with hyperemesis gravidarum will have persistent vomiting without weight loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances result from persistent nausea and vomiting associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. Dehydration impairs the perfusion to the placenta.
The nurse is caring for a macrosomic newborn of a diabetic patient. What complications will the nurse assess for in the newborn?
- A. Meconium ileus
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Muscle tremors
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fetus responds to the hyperglycemia from the mother's blood and produces increased insulin. This insulin may cause hypoglycemia in the infant after it is no longer exposed to the mother's blood.
What symptom presented by a pregnant woman is indicative of abruptio placentae?
- A. Painless vaginal bleeding
- B. Uterine irritability with contractions
- C. Vaginal bleeding and back pain
- D. Premature rupture of membranes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bleeding accompanied by abdominal or lower back pain is a typical manifestation of abruptio placentae.
Why does the woman taking oral hypoglycemic agents to control diabetes mellitus need to take insulin during pregnancy?
- A. Insulin can cross the placental barrier to the fetus.
- B. Insulin does not cross the placental barrier to the fetus.
- C. Oral agents do not cross the placenta.
- D. Oral agents are not sufficient to meet maternal insulin needs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral hypoglycemic agents are not used during pregnancy, because they can cross the placenta, possibly resulting in fetal birth defects or hypoglycemia.