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A pregnant woman in her second trimester asks the nurse about taking herbal supplements to alleviate nausea. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
- A. It is safe to take any herbal supplement during pregnancy.
- B. Some herbal supplements may cause harm to your pregnancy, and it's best to consult your doctor.
- C. Only certain over-the-counter medications are safe, not herbal supplements.
- D. Herbal supplements are more effective than prescription medications for nausea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because herbal supplements can vary in safety during pregnancy. It is always recommended to consult a healthcare provider before taking any supplements, as some herbs may potentially harm the pregnancy or interact with other medications. Answer A is incorrect as not all herbal supplements are safe during pregnancy. Answer C is incorrect as some herbal supplements may be safe if recommended by a healthcare provider. Answer D is incorrect as prescription medications are often more rigorously tested and regulated for safety during pregnancy compared to herbal supplements.
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The nurse is monitoring her patient during labor and is aware that the only way to determine the objective measurement of uterine contractions is through the use of which modality?
- A. Tocodynamometer
- B. Fetal spiral electrode
- C. IUPC
- D. Palpation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: IUPC (Intrauterine Pressure Catheter). This modality is the only direct and objective measurement of uterine contractions as it provides continuous and precise readings of intrauterine pressure. A: Tocodynamometer measures frequency and duration, but not intensity. B: Fetal spiral electrode monitors fetal heart rate, not uterine contractions. D: Palpation is subjective and not as accurate as IUPC for measuring uterine contractions.
A patient in labor is receiving Pitocin to augment contractions. The fetal heart rate shows late decelerations. What is the most appropriate intervention?
- A. Stop the Pitocin infusion
- B. Administer oxygen to the mother
- C. Change the patient's position
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it addresses the potential causes of late decelerations comprehensively. Stopping Pitocin helps to eliminate uteroplacental insufficiency, administering oxygen improves fetal oxygenation, and changing the patient's position can alleviate pressure on the umbilical cord. Each intervention targets a different aspect contributing to late decelerations, making it crucial to implement all of them to optimize fetal well-being.
A pregnant patient is asking about the risks of smoking during pregnancy. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. Smoking during pregnancy is safe if you don't have other complications.
- B. Smoking increases the risk of premature birth, low birth weight, and developmental delays.
- C. It's okay to smoke in moderation during pregnancy as long as you quit before delivery.
- D. Smoking only affects the mother, not the baby.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because smoking during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of adverse outcomes such as premature birth, low birth weight, and developmental delays. Nicotine and other harmful chemicals in cigarettes can restrict oxygen and nutrients to the baby, leading to these complications. Choice A is incorrect as smoking is never safe during pregnancy. Choice C is incorrect as any amount of smoking during pregnancy is harmful. Choice D is incorrect as smoking affects both the mother and the baby due to the harmful substances passing through the placenta.
A woman in labor begins to experience severe lower abdominal pain and is found to have a ruptured uterus. What is the first intervention the nurse should perform?
- A. Administer intravenous fluids
- B. Prepare the patient for immediate surgery
- C. Perform a vaginal examination
- D. Administer pain relief medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prepare the patient for immediate surgery. In the case of a ruptured uterus, prompt surgical intervention is crucial to control bleeding, repair the uterus, and prevent further complications such as hemorrhage and infection. Performing surgery is the priority over other interventions like administering fluids, pain relief medications, or performing a vaginal examination, as these actions do not address the immediate life-threatening situation of uterine rupture. Administering IV fluids may be necessary during surgery, and pain relief can be addressed post-operatively. Vaginal examination is contraindicated in cases of suspected uterine rupture as it can exacerbate the bleeding and worsen the condition.
A nurse is caring for a laboring person who is in the second stage of labor. What is the most important action to promote fetal descent?
- A. coach the person through controlled pushing
- B. increase maternal hydration
- C. provide comfort measures
- D. apply gentle pressure to the abdomen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: coach the person through controlled pushing. This is the most important action to promote fetal descent during the second stage of labor because pushing helps the baby move through the birth canal. Controlled pushing helps prevent exhaustion and reduces the risk of maternal injury. Increasing maternal hydration (choice B) is important for overall well-being but does not directly promote fetal descent. Comfort measures (choice C) are important for pain management but do not directly aid in fetal descent. Applying gentle pressure to the abdomen (choice D) is not recommended as it can interfere with the natural process of labor.