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A pregnant woman informs the nurse that her last normal menstrual period was on September 20, 2012. Using Nagele’s rule, the nurse calculates the client’s estimated date of delivery as:
- A. May 30, 2013.
- B. June 20, 2013.
- C. June 27, 2013.
- D. July 3, 2013.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using Nagele’s rule (adding 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period, subtracting 3 months, and adding 1 year), the calculated EDD is June 27, 2013.
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The nurse is educating a class of expectant parents about fetal development. What is considered fetal age of viability?
- A. 14 weeks
- B. 20 weeks
- C. 25 weeks
- D. 30 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By 20 weeks of gestation, the lungs have matured enough for the fetus to survive outside the uterus (age of viability).
A patient in labor is undergoing an epidural block and develops hypotension. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Increase intravenous fluids
- B. Place the patient in a Trendelenburg position
- C. Administer oxygen via face mask
- D. Notify the physician immediately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct first action is to increase intravenous fluids (Choice A). This will help improve the patient's blood volume and subsequently increase blood pressure. Trendelenburg position (Choice B) is not recommended due to potential complications. Administering oxygen (Choice C) may be helpful but doesn't directly address the hypotension. Notifying the physician (Choice D) is important but addressing hypotension promptly is the priority. Increasing fluids helps address the underlying cause of hypotension in this scenario.
A pregnant patient is 26 weeks gestation and is concerned about gaining too much weight. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
- A. Weight gain should be monitored, but it is important to eat for two during pregnancy.
- B. Pregnant women are encouraged to maintain a healthy weight gain and eat a balanced diet.
- C. Excessive weight gain can result in complications such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
- D. It is better to limit caloric intake to prevent excessive weight gain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because excessive weight gain during pregnancy can lead to complications like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. As the nurse, it is important to educate the patient on the risks associated with excessive weight gain. By highlighting these potential complications, the nurse can emphasize the importance of monitoring weight gain and making healthy choices. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not address the risks of excessive weight gain. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests limiting caloric intake, which may not provide adequate nutrition for the growing fetus. It is crucial to educate the patient on the importance of a balanced diet and healthy weight gain to promote a healthy pregnancy.
Which clinical conditions are associated with increased levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Down syndrome
- B. Molar pregnancy
- C. Twin gestation
- D. Incorrect gestational age assessment of a normal fetus—estimation is earlier in the pregnancy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated AFP levels are seen in multiple gestations, miscalculated gestational age, and threatened abortion.
What alternative vitamin C source should the nurse suggest?
- A. Barley and brown rice
- B. Strawberries and potatoes
- C. Buckwheat and lentils
- D. Wheat flour and figs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Strawberries and potatoes are excellent sources of vitamin C, providing alternatives to citrus fruits.