Nokea
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is teaching a class about social factors associated with mental illness at a community health center. When describing the influence of poverty and effects of the downward economic spiral on mental health, which population would the nurse identify as being the most at risk?
- A. Older adults
- B. Individuals with physical disabilities
- C. Single-parent families
- D. Homeless individuals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeless individuals. Homeless individuals are the most at risk due to the severe impact of poverty and the downward economic spiral on their mental health. Homelessness often results from poverty, leading to chronic stress, lack of access to basic needs, social isolation, and increased vulnerability to mental health issues. Homeless individuals face multiple stressors that can exacerbate existing mental health conditions or lead to the development of new ones. Older adults (A) may face financial challenges but are not necessarily homeless. Individuals with physical disabilities (B) may encounter economic difficulties but are not automatically homeless. Single-parent families (C) may struggle financially, but homelessness is not exclusive to this group.
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Which statement by a patient would lead the nurse to suspect unsuccessful completion of the psychosocial developmental task of infancy?
- A. I know how to do things right, so I prefer jobs where I work alone rather than on a team.'
- B. I do not allow other people to truly get to know me.'
- C. I depend on frequent praise from others to feel good about myself.'
- D. I usually need to do things several times before I get them right.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because depending on frequent praise from others to feel good about oneself indicates a lack of self-confidence and self-esteem, which are key components of successful completion of the psychosocial developmental task of infancy according to Erikson's theory. This statement suggests an inability to develop a sense of autonomy and self-reliance, which are crucial in the infancy stage.
Choice A is incorrect because preferring to work alone rather than on a team may indicate a preference for autonomy, which is a positive trait related to the successful completion of the task of autonomy vs. shame and doubt in infancy.
Choice B is incorrect because not allowing others to truly get to know oneself could indicate introversion or privacy preferences, which may not necessarily suggest unsuccessful completion of the infancy developmental task.
Choice D is incorrect because needing to do things several times before getting them right may indicate a learning style or perfectionism rather than a sign of unsuccessful completion of the psychosocial developmental task of infancy.
A client with signs and symptoms of double pneumonia states,"I will not agree to hospital admission unless my shaman is allowed to continue helping me." Which would be an appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Tell the client that the shaman is not allowed in the emergency department.
- B. Have the shaman meet the attending physician at the hospital.
- C. Have the family talk the client into admission without the shaman.
- D. Explain to the client that the shaman is responsible for the client's condition.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Having the shaman meet the attending physician at the hospital is the most appropriate nursing intervention because it allows for collaboration between traditional beliefs and modern medical care. This approach respects the client's cultural and spiritual preferences while ensuring the client receives necessary medical treatment. It also helps establish a supportive and holistic care environment.
Choice A is incorrect because denying the shaman access may lead to resistance from the client and hinder effective communication and trust-building. Choice C is inappropriate as it disregards the client's autonomy and may create conflict within the family. Choice D is incorrect as blaming the shaman for the client's condition is disrespectful and unprofessional.
Forensic nursing combines scientific knowledge and inquiry in an effort to serve:
- A. Victims of crime
- B. Perpetrators of violence
- C. Victims and perpetrators of crime
- D. Families of crime victims
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because forensic nursing serves both victims and perpetrators of crime. Forensic nurses provide care, collect evidence, and testify in legal proceedings for all individuals involved in a crime. Choice A is incorrect because forensic nursing is not exclusive to victims. Choice B is incorrect as it does not encompass the holistic approach of forensic nursing. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses solely on the families of crime victims, rather than the individuals directly involved.
Based on assessment data, the nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis for a patient as sleep pattern disturbance. After teaching the patient how to relax before bedtime, the nurse determines that the teaching was effective by which outcome?
- A. Discusses feelings about not being able to fall asleep
- B. Reports feeling rested on awakening in the morning within 3 days
- C. Requests sleeping medication each night before bedtime
- D. Is able to sleep for short intervals throughout the night
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because feeling rested upon awakening indicates improved sleep quality, reflecting effective teaching on relaxation techniques. Choice A does not directly measure the effectiveness of the teaching intervention. Choice C indicates reliance on medication rather than improved sleep hygiene. Choice D, sleeping for short intervals, does not necessarily signify improved sleep quality.
A hospitalized client with schizophrenia is receiving antipsychotic medications. While assessing the client, the nurse identifies signs and symptoms of a dystonic reaction. Which agent would the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- B. Propranolol (Inderal)
- C. Risperidone (Risperdal)
- D. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Dystonic reactions are extrapyramidal side effects commonly seen with antipsychotic medications. Diphenhydramine is a first-line treatment for dystonic reactions due to its anticholinergic properties. It helps block the excessive dopamine activity in the brain that causes these reactions. Propranolol (B) is a beta-blocker and not typically used for dystonic reactions. Risperidone (C) and Aripiprazole (D) are antipsychotic medications themselves and would not be used to treat dystonic reactions caused by antipsychotic medications.