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A public health nurse is participating in a health promotion campaign that has the goal of improving outcomes related to skin cancer in the community. What action has the greatest potential to achieve this goal?
- A. Educating participants about the relationship between general health and the risk of skin cancer
- B. Educating participants about treatment options for skin cancer
- C. Educating participants about the early signs and symptoms of skin cancer
- D. Educating participants about the health risks associated with smoking and assisting with smoking cessation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Educating about early signs of skin cancer promotes early detection, improving outcomes. General health, treatment options, and smoking are less directly impactful.
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A nurse is providing care for a patient who has developed Kaposis sarcoma secondary to HIV infection. The nurse should be aware that this form of malignancy originates in what part of the body?
- A. Connective tissue cells in diffuse locations
- B. Smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract
- C. Neural tissue of the brain and spinal cord
- D. Endothelial cells lining small blood vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kaposis sarcoma originates in endothelial cells lining small blood vessels, not in connective tissue, smooth muscle, or neural tissue.
When caring for a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), the critical care nurse assesses frequently for high fever, tachycardia, and extreme weakness and fatigue. The nurse is aware that these findings are potential indicators of what? Select all that apply.
- A. Possible malignancy
- B. Epidermal necrosis
- C. Neurologic involvement
- D. Increased metabolic needs
- E. Possible gastrointestinal mucosal sloughing
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: High fever, tachycardia, and weakness in TEN indicate epidermal necrosis, increased metabolic needs, and possible GI mucosal sloughing. Malignancy and neurologic involvement are not typical complications.
A school nurse has sent home four children who show evidence of pediculosis capitis. What is an important instruction the nurse should include in the note being sent home to parents?
- A. The childs scalp should be monitored for 48 to 72 hours before starting treatment.
- B. Nits may have to be manually removed from the childs hair shafts.
- C. The disease is self-limiting and symptoms will abate within 1 week.
- D. Efforts should be made to improve the childs level of hygiene.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Manual removal of nits is often necessary after medicated shampoo for pediculosis capitis. The condition is not self-limiting, requires prompt treatment, and is not caused by poor hygiene.
A patient has a diagnosis of seborrhea and has been referred to the dermatology clinic, where the nurse contributes to care. When planning this patients care, the nurse should include which of the following nursing diagnoses?
- A. Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume Related to Excess Sebum Synthesis
- B. Ineffective Thermoregulation Related to Occlusion of Sebaceous Glands
- C. Disturbed Body Image Related to Excess Sebum Production
- D. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Related to Occlusion of Sebaceous Glands
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Seborrhea's visible oily skin can lead to disturbed body image. It does not cause fluid volume deficits, thermoregulation issues, or tissue perfusion problems.
A nurse is leading a health promotion workshop that is focusing on cancer prevention. What action is most likely to reduce participants risks of basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
- A. Teaching participants to improve their overall health through nutrition
- B. Encouraging participants to identify their family history of cancer
- C. Teaching participants to limit their sun exposure
- D. Teaching participants to control exposure to environmental and occupational radiation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Limiting sun exposure is the most effective way to reduce BCC risk, as UV radiation is the primary cause. Nutrition, family history, and other radiation exposures are less directly related.