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A public health nurse is planning a vaccination clinic for a rural community. Which vaccine should the nurse prioritize for adults in this area?
- A. hepatitis A
- B. influenza
- C. varicella
- D. measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: influenza.' Influenza vaccination is crucial for adults, particularly in rural areas where access to healthcare may be limited. Influenza can cause serious illness and complications, and vaccination helps protect individuals and prevent the spread of the virus. While vaccines for hepatitis A, varicella, and measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) are important, prioritizing influenza vaccination in this scenario is essential due to its seasonal prevalence and potential impact on public health.
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A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which laboratory result indicates that the therapy is effective?
- A. International normalized ratio (INR) of 1.0.
- B. Prothrombin time (PT) of 12 seconds.
- C. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of 60 seconds.
- D. International normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The public health nurse is evaluating resources in a rural community. Which healthcare resource is most important for the community?
- A. family planning center
- B. accessibility to trauma care
- C. annual health fair
- D. weather-related disaster plan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is planning a community health fair to promote mental health awareness. Which activity is most likely to engage participants?
- A. a lecture on the signs and symptoms of depression
- B. a workshop on stress management techniques
- C. a panel discussion with mental health experts
- D. a booth distributing brochures on mental health resources
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A workshop on stress management techniques is the most engaging activity as it allows participants to actively participate, learn practical skills, and interact with others. This hands-on approach fosters engagement and provides attendees with tools they can directly apply in their lives. Choice A, a lecture, may be informative but lacks the interactive element that promotes engagement. Choice C, a panel discussion, might be informative but could be passive for attendees. Choice D, distributing brochures, is informative but lacks the interactive and engaging nature of a workshop.
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Which laboratory result requires immediate intervention?
- A. Serum osmolality of 320 mOsm/kg.
- B. Serum glucose of 600 mg/dL.
- C. Serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L.
- D. Serum sodium of 140 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A serum glucose level of 600 mg/dL is extremely high in a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) and poses a significant risk of serious complications such as dehydration, coma, and electrolyte imbalances. Rapid intervention is crucial to normalize the glucose level and prevent further deterioration. Serum osmolality of 320 mOsm/kg, serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L, and serum sodium of 140 mEq/L, while important to monitor in HHS, do not represent an immediate life-threatening condition that requires urgent intervention compared to the critically high glucose level.
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which laboratory result requires immediate intervention?
- A. Blood glucose of 250 mg/dL.
- B. Serum potassium of 3.5 mEq/L.
- C. Serum sodium of 135 mEq/L.
- D. Arterial blood pH of 7.30.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: An arterial blood pH of 7.30 indicates the client is in acidosis, which is a life-threatening condition in DKA. Immediate intervention is required to correct the acidosis and prevent further complications such as organ failure or coma. Blood glucose of 250 mg/dL is elevated but not an immediate threat to life in comparison to acidosis. Serum potassium of 3.5 mEq/L and serum sodium of 135 mEq/L are within normal ranges and do not warrant immediate intervention in the context of DKA.