Nokea
A public health nurse is planning educational interventions that are based on Beckers Health Belief Model. When identifying the variables that affect local residents health promotion behaviors, what question should the nurse seek to answer?
- A. Do residents believe that they have ready access to health promotion resources?
- B. Why have previous attempts at health promotion failed?
- C. How much funding is available for health promotion in the community?
- D. Who is available to provide health promotion education in the local area?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Barriers, Beckers second variable, are defined as factors leading to unavailability or difficulty in gaining access to a specific health promotion alternative. The other listed questions do not directly relate to the four variables that Becker specified.
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A school nurse is facilitating a health screening program among junior high school students. What purpose of health screening should the nurse prioritize when planning this program?
- A. To teach students about health risks that they can expect as they grow and develop
- B. To evaluate the treatment of students current health problems
- C. To identify the presence of infectious diseases
- D. To detect health problems at an early age so they can be treated promptly
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The goal of health screening in the adolescent population has been to detect health problems at an early age so that they can be treated at this time. An additional goal includes efforts to promote positive health practices at an early age. The focus is not on anticipatory guidance or evaluation of treatment. Health screening includes infectious diseases, but is not limited to these.
You are the nurse planning to teach tracheostomy care to a patient who will be discharged home following a spinal cord injury. When preparing your teaching, which of the following is the most important component of your teaching plan?
- A. Citing the evidence that underlies each of your teaching points
- B. Alleviating the patients guilt associated with not knowing appropriate self-care
- C. Determining the patients readiness to learn new information
- D. Including your nursing colleagues in the planning process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment in the teaching-learning process is directed toward the systematic collection of data about the person and family's learning needs and readiness to learn. Patient readiness is critical to accepting and integrating new information. Unless the patient is ready to accept new information, patient teaching will be ineffective. Citing the evidence base will not likely enhance learning. Patient guilt cannot be alleviated until the patient understands the intricacies of the condition and his physiologic response to the disease. Inclusion of colleagues can be beneficial, but this does not determine the success or failure of teaching.
A nurse who provides care at the campus medical clinic of a large university focuses many of her efforts on health promotion. What purpose of health promotion should guide the nurses efforts?
- A. To teach people how to act within the limitations of their health
- B. To teach people how to grow in a holistic manner
- C. To change the environment in ways that enhance cultural expectations
- D. To influence peoples behaviors in ways that reduce risks
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of health promotion is to focus on the persons potential for wellness and to encourage appropriate alterations in personal habits, lifestyle, and environment in ways that reduce risks and enhance health and well-being. The other options are incorrect because the purpose of health promotion is not to teach people how to grow in a holistic manner, to accommodate their limitations, or to change the environment in ways that enhances cultural expectations.
The nurse is working with a male patient who has diagnoses of coronary artery disease and angina pectoris. During a clinic visit, the nurse learns that he has only been taking his prescribed antiplatelet medication when he experiences chest pain and fatigue. What nursing diagnosis is most relevant to this assessment finding?
- A. Acute pain related to myocardial ischemia
- B. Confusion related to mismanagement of drug regimen
- C. Ineffective health maintenance related to inappropriate medication use
- D. Ineffective role performance related to inability to manage medications
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This patients actions suggest that by taking his medications incorrectly he is not adequately maintaining his health. Role performance is not directly applicable to the patients actions and confusion suggests a cognitive deficit. Pain is not central to the essence of the problem.
Positive patient outcomes are the ultimate goal of nurse-patient interactions, regardless of the particular setting. Which of the following factors has the most direct influence on positive patient-care outcomes?
- A. Patients age
- B. Patients ethnic heritage
- C. Health education
- D. Outcome evaluation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Health education is an influential factor directly related to positive patient-care outcomes. The other options are incorrect because ethnicity, the patients age, and outcome evaluation are less influential factors related to positive patient-care outcomes, though each factor should be considered when planning care.