Nokea
A schizophrenic client has been taking haloperidol (Haldol) for 20 months and has developed moderate extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). The nurse anticipates the physician will likely prescribe what medication for EPS?
- A. flumazenil (Anexate)
- B. donepezil (Aricept)
- C. naloxone (Narcan)
- D. benztropine (Cogentin)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Benztropine, an anticholinergic, treats EPS (e.g., dystonia, parkinsonism) caused by antipsychotics like haloperidol.
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During a pre-op assessment, the nurse would chart which finding(s) as subjective data? Select all that apply.
- A. The client is sweating and wringing his hands.
- B. The client states, 'I am having second thoughts about my surgery.'
- C. The client reports he has lost 6 pounds in the last 2 months.
- D. The client's blood pressure is 128/82.
- E. The client rates his pain as a 3 on a scale of 0-10.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Subjective data are client-reported, including statements about surgery concerns, weight loss, and pain ratings. Sweating/wringing hands and blood pressure are objective (observable/measurable).
Following a heart transplant, a client is started on medication to prevent organ rejection. Which category of medication prevents the formation of antibodies against the new organ?
- A. Antivirals
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Immunosuppressants
- D. Analgesics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporine, prevent the immune system from forming antibodies against the transplanted heart.
A client in cardiac arrest shows to be in torsades de pointes, and magnesium sulfate is ordered STAT. The priority nursing intervention is
- A. monitor client for bradycardia and respiratory depression.
- B. prepare client for synchronized cardioversion.
- C. monitor client for tachycardia and hyperventilation.
- D. prepare client for Swan catheter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate for torsades de pointes can cause bradycardia and respiratory depression, requiring close monitoring.
A 51-year-old client received a kidney transplant. Which of the following signs and symptoms indicates possible rejection of the kidney? Select all that apply.
- A. increased urine output
- B. increase in blood pressure
- C. weight gain
- D. pain in lower back
- E. decreased creatinine
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Kidney rejection causes hypertension (B), fluid retention (weight gain, C), and graft pain (D). Decreased urine output (not increased) and elevated creatinine (not decreased) are typical.
A client admitted with transient ischemia attacks has returned from a cerebral arteriogram. The nurse performs an assessment and finds a newly formed hematoma in the right groin area. What is the nurse's initial action?
- A. Apply direct pressure to the site
- B. Check the pedal pulses on the right leg
- C. Notify the physician
- D. Turn the client to the prone position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying direct pressure to a hematoma at the arteriogram site controls bleeding and prevents further complications, making it the initial action.