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a school nurse is implementing health screening. which of the following assessment finding should the nurse recognize as the highest priority?
- A. a child who has a BMI of 18
- B. an adolescent who has scoliosis
- C. an adolescent who has psoriasis
- D. a child who has nits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: an adolescent who has scoliosis. Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves abnormally, potentially leading to serious health issues if not addressed early. The nurse must prioritize assessing scoliosis as it can affect the individual's posture, mobility, and even breathing. BMI of 18 (choice A) may indicate underweight but doesn't pose an immediate health threat. Psoriasis (choice C) is a skin condition that, while uncomfortable, is not life-threatening. Nits (choice D) are treatable and not urgent.
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a nurse is discussing short and long term goals with a client who has alcohol use disorder and is being admitted to a treatment facility. which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to include in the discussion?
- A. you will be taking a once weekly dose of disulfiram to help control withdrawal symptoms during treatment
- B. remaining physically active will help to minimize drowsiness and chills associated with initial alcohol withdrawal.
- C. attending Al anon meetings will help you identify a role model to assist you with making needed changes
- D. you will begin learning functional skills to replace defense mechanisms and behaviors while in treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Remaining physically active can help minimize drowsiness and chills associated with initial alcohol withdrawal. Physical activity can help regulate mood, reduce anxiety, and improve overall well-being during withdrawal. It can also distract from cravings and provide a healthy coping mechanism.
Choice A is incorrect because disulfiram is not used to control withdrawal symptoms but rather as a deterrent to drinking by causing unpleasant reactions if alcohol is consumed.
Choice C is incorrect because Al-Anon meetings are for family and friends of individuals struggling with alcohol use disorder, not for the individual themselves.
Choice D is incorrect because learning functional skills is important for long-term recovery but may not specifically address initial withdrawal symptoms.
A nurse is planning priority actions for a community health initiative. Which of the following should be prioritized?
- A. Encourage enrollment and attendance at weight reduction programs.
- B. Educate children at a daycare center about nutrition and exercise.
- C. Distribute health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions.
- D. Measure the BMI of older adults at a community senior center.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Distribute health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions. This is prioritized because it helps identify health risks at a population level, enabling targeted interventions. Choice A focuses on individual weight reduction, not community health. Choice B targets a specific group, neglecting the broader community. Choice D only addresses one aspect of health in a specific population.
In the last month three cases of tuberculosis have been referred to the health department. Which of the following is the priority information for the community health nurse to obtain from each client?
- A. Demographics.
- B. Household members.
- C. Occupation.
- D. Health history.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Household members. This is the priority information because tuberculosis is highly contagious and spreads through close contact. By obtaining information on household members, the nurse can assess the risk of transmission within the household and take appropriate measures to prevent further spread of the disease. Demographics (A) may provide general information but do not directly impact the spread of tuberculosis. Occupation (C) may be relevant for identifying potential exposure sources but household contacts are more immediate. Health history (D) is important but does not address the immediate risk of transmission within the household.
a community health nurse is planning an educational program for a group of women who are postmenopausal. which of the following outcomes is appropriate for this program?
- A. clients will schedule bone density screening
- B. clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years
- C. clients will start hormone replacement therapy
- D. clients will significantly decrease caloric intake
- E. a nurse is working with a care manager for a client who participates in a health maintenance organization. the nurse should identify that a health maintenance organization provides which of the following payment structures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: clients will start hormone replacement therapy. Postmenopausal women often experience hormonal imbalances that can lead to various health issues such as osteoporosis and heart disease. Hormone replacement therapy can help alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of these conditions. Scheduling bone density screenings (A) is important but does not address the underlying hormonal changes. Mammograms (B) are essential for breast cancer screening but are not directly related to postmenopausal hormonal health. Significantly decreasing caloric intake (D) is not a suitable outcome for a program targeted at postmenopausal women's health. The question also includes unrelated information about a health maintenance organization (E), which is a distractor.
a nurse at a local health department is caring for several clients. which of the following infections should the nurse report to the state health department?
- A. chlamydia
- B. herpes simplex virus
- C. group B Streptococcus B hemolytic
- D. human papillornavirus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: herpes simplex virus. The nurse should report herpes simplex virus to the state health department because it is a notifiable infectious disease that requires monitoring for public health purposes. Herpes simplex virus can be transmitted through various means, including sexual contact, and can cause recurrent outbreaks and complications. Reporting to the state health department allows for tracking of the infection, implementing control measures, and preventing further spread. Other choices (A, C, D) are also important infections but may not require immediate reporting to the state health department as they are not typically considered notifiable diseases.